Nils Gabriel Sefström
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Nils Gabriel Sefström
Swedish chemist (1787–1845)
Born at Ilsbo in Sweden, Sefström studied under Jöns Berzelius in Stockholm, graduating in 1813. He taught chemistry at the School of Mines from 1820. While there he was informed that the local steelmakers were able to predict whether iron ore delivered at the foundries would produce steel that was brittle or not. On investigation he found that they tested the ore by dissolving it in hydrochloric acid and if a black powder resulted the steel was likely to be brittle. Sefström investigated and found that what was important in the test was the presence or absence in the ore of a new element. In 1830 he isolated the new element, which he named vanadium after the Norse goddess Vanadis. This proved to be identical to the metal discovered by Andrès Del Rio in 1801 and named erythronium. Del Rio had been dissuaded that this was in fact a new element and had abandoned his claim.
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Nils Gabriel Sefström
| Nils Gabriel Sefström | |
|---|---|
| Born | 2 June 1787 Ilsbo, Hälsingland, Sweden |
| Died | 30 November 1845 (aged 58) Stockholm, Sweden |
| Nationality | Swedish |
| Doctoral advisor | Jöns Jakob Berzelius |
| Known for | Rediscovery of vanadium |
Nils Gabriel Sefström (2 June 1787 – 30 November 1845) was a Swedish chemist. Sefström was a student of Berzelius and, when studying the brittleness of steel in 1830, he rediscovered a new chemical element, to which he gave the name vanadium.[1]
Vanadium was first discovered by the Spanish-Mexican mineralogist Andrés Manuel del Río in 1801. He named it erythronium. Friedrich Wöhler later confirmed that vanadium and erythronium were the same substance.[2]
Sefström was member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences from 1815.
References
- ^ N. G. Sefström (1831). "Ueber das Vanadin, ein neues Metall, gefunden im Stangeneisen von Eckersholm, einer Eisenhütte, die ihr Erz von Taberg in Småland bezieht". Annalen der Physik und Chemie 97 (1): 43–49. Bibcode 1831AnP....97...43S. doi:10.1002/andp.18310970103.
- ^ Pedro Cintas (2004). "The Road to Chemical Names and Eponyms: Discovery, Priority, and Credit". Angewandte Chemie International Edition 43 (44): 5888–5894. doi:10.1002/anie.200330074. PMID 15376297.
Further reading
- Sjoberg, Sven Gosta (1951). "Nils Gabriel Sefstrom and the Discovery of Vanadium". Journal of Chemical Education 28 (6): 294–296. Bibcode 1951JChEd..28..294S. doi:10.1021/ed028p294. http://search.jce.divched.org/JCEIndex/FMPro?-db=jceindex.fp5&-lay=wwwform&combo=vanadium&-find=&-format=detail.html&-skip=12&-max=1&-token.2=12&-token.3=10.[dead link] - subscription required
- Weeks, Mary Elvira (1932). "The Discovery of the Elements: VII. Columbium, Tantalum, and Vanadium". Journal of Chemical Education 9 (5): 863–884. Bibcode 1932JChEd...9..863W. doi:10.1021/ed009p863. http://search.jce.divched.org/JCEIndex/FMPro?-db=jceindex.fp5&-lay=wwwform&combo=vanadium&-find=&-format=detail.html&-skip=14&-max=1&-token.2=14&-token.3=10.[dead link] - subscription required
- Svenskt biografiskt handlexikon: Sefström, Nils Gabriel - in Swedish
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