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Nino Rota

 

(b Milan, 3 Dec 1911; d Rome, 10 April 1979). Italian composer. He studied at the Milan Conservatory, privately with Pizzetti (1925-6), with Casella in Rome, and at the Curtis Institute (1931-2). In 1939 he joined the staff at the Bari Conservatory (director from 1950). He wrote fluently in a cool, direct style: his output includes operas (notably The ltalian Straw Hat, 1955), three symphonies, concertos and instrumental pieces, besides numerous film scores (many for Fellini, Visconti and Zeffirelli).



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(born Dec. 31, 1911, Milan, Italy — died April 10, 1979, Rome) Italian composer of film scores. Rota had composed an oratorio and an opera by age 13. After studies at Philadelphia's Curtis Institute he began writing film scores. From 1950 to 1978 he served as director of the Liceo Musicale, a conservatory in Bari. In 1950 he also began his long association with Federico Fellini, for whom he would score films such as La strada (1955), La dolce vita (1960), 8 1/2 (1963), and Amarcord (1973). He provided scores for many other films including Francis Ford Coppola's The Godfather (1972) and The Godfather: Part II (1974).

For more information on Nino Rota, visit Britannica.com.

Artist: Nino Rota
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Similar Artists:

Influenced By:

Followers:

Hal Willner, David Arnold, Vittorio Demarin, L'Orchestre De La Suisse Romande, Ilya

Formal Connection With:

Luchino Visconti, Federico Fellini
  • Born: December 03, 1911
  • Died: April 10, 1979
  • Active: '50s, '60s, '70s
  • Genres: Soundtrack
  • Instrument: Arranger, Main Performer, Composer
  • Representative Albums: "Music for Film," "The Godfather," "The Godfather, Pt. 2"
  • Representative Songs: "La Dolce Vita," "La Strada," "Sicilian Pastorale"

Biography

Famed for his inspired work with director Federico Fellini, Nino Rota was one of the most prolific and acclaimed film composers of his era, with a list of soundtrack credits ranging from La Dolce Vita to Franco Zeffirelli's Romeo and Juliet to Francis Ford Coppola's The Godfather. Born December 3, 1911 in Milan. Italy, Rota was a child prodigy who had already written an opera and an oratorio prior to his fifteenth birthday; he subsequently studied at the Curtis Institute in Philadelphia as well as the Liceo Musicale in Bari, where from 1950 to 1978 he served as director. In 1933 Rota first entered the Italian film industry, scoring the "white telephone" romances and musicals prevalent during the era; before 1950, he composed the music for some 30 features, as well as the operas Torquemada and The Florentine Straw Hat.

With the 1952 release Lo Sceicco Bianco, Rota teamed for the first time with Fellini; their 30 year collaboration was one of the most fruitful director-composer pairings in film history, resuting in world classics including 1954's La Strada (later adapted by Rota into a ballet), 1963's 8 1/2, 1974's Amarcord and, perhaps most famously, 1960's La Dolce Vita. Launched to international prominence through his work with Fellini, Rota also began composing material for other major filmmakers including Luchino Visconti (1960's Rocco E I Suoi Fratelli), King Vidor (1956's War and Peace) and Mario Monicelli (1959's La Grande Guerra). In 1968 he scored Zeffirelli's Romeo and Juliet, and its love theme became among his most recognized compositions; even more distinctive was his theme for Coppola's 1972 classic The Godfather. For 1974's The Godfather Part II, Rota won an Academy Award; he died on April 10, 1979. ~ Jason Ankeny, All Music Guide
Discography: Nino Rota
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Roma

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Fellini Masterpieces: La Strada/Nights Cabiria

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Casanova

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Casanova

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Amarcord [Sony International]

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Music to the Films of Fellini

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Great War

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Federico Fellini & Nino Rota

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Greatest Hits

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Swindle (Il Bidone)

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Actor: Nino Rota
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  • Born: Dec 31, 1911 in Milan, Italy
  • Died: Apr 10, 1979
  • Active: '40s-'70s
  • Major Genres: Drama, Comedy
  • Career Highlights: The Godfather Part II, The Godfather, Romeo and Juliet
  • First Major Screen Credit: Treno Popolare (1933)

Biography

Italian composer Nino Rota's first oratorio was performed in 1921, when he was a veteran at age 11. Refining his skills at the Milan Conservatory, the Santa Cecilia Academy of Italy, and the Curtis Institute of the United States, Rota continued turning out symphonies, operas, and ballets throughout his long career, and also spent nearly four decades as director of the Bari Conservatory. His best-known operas include Torquemada (1942), The Florentine Straw Hat (1946), and Alladin and His Magic Lamp (1968), all bearing the influence of his many years as a film composer. Rota's first movie work was for Italy's "white telephone" romances and musicals of the 1930s. In an earthier vein, Rota composed for several of the neorealist directors of the postwar era. His longest professional association (25 years) was with director Federico Fellini, who once described the relationship thusly: "It is a harmonious collaboration that I haven't felt like changing. His music is a kind of drama that is very true for my story and images." Rota's better-known Fellini scores were for La Strada (1954), Il Bidone (1955), Nights of Cabiria (1956), and, perhaps best of all, La Dolce Vita (1961). One of Rota's many stage compositions was for a late-'50s ballet version of La Strada. When director Francis Ford Coppola wanted an authentic Italian "feel" for the music of the Godfather, he knew exactly who to contact: Nino Rota, who won his first-ever Oscar for the now-classic The Godfather score (alas, he was later disqualified because he'd lifted his themes from one of his own earlier film scores). Outside of Godfather, Nino Rota's most popular film composition was the love theme from Zeffirelli's Romeo and Juliet (1968). ~ Hal Erickson, All Movie Guide
Wikipedia: Nino Rota
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Nino Rota
Born Giovanni Rota Rinaldi
December 3, 1911(1911-12-03)
Milan, Lombardy, Italy
Died April 10, 1979 (aged 67)
Rome, Italy

Nino Rota (December 3, 1911, MilanApril 10, 1979, Rome) was an Italian composer best known for his film scores, notably for the films of Federico Fellini, or Luchino Visconti. He also composed the music for two of Franco Zeffirelli's Shakespeare films, and for the first two films of Francis Ford Coppola's Godfather trilogy.

Rota also composed ten operas, five ballets and many other orchestral and choral works, the best known being his string concerto.

Contents

Biography

Born into a musical family in Milan, Rota studied at the conservatory there under Ildebrando Pizzetti. A renowned child prodigy, his first oratorio, L'infanzia di San Giovanni Battista, was performed in Milan and Paris as early as 1923 and his lyrical comedy, Il Principe Porcaro, was composed in 1926. Encouraged by Arturo Toscanini, Rota moved to the United States where he lived from 1930 to 1932. He won a scholarship to the Curtis Institute of Philadelphia, where he was taught conducting by Fritz Reiner and had Rosario Scalero as an instructor in composition. Returning to Milan, he wrote a thesis on the renaissance composer Gioseffo Zarlino. Rota earned a degree in literature from the University of Milan. In 1937, he began a teaching career that led to the directorship of the Bari Conservatory, a title he held from 1950 until his death in 1979.

During the 1940s, Rota composed scores for more than 32 films, including Renato Castellani's Zazà (1944). His association with Fellini began with Lo sceicco bianco (1952), followed by I vitelloni (1953) and La strada (1954). They continued to work together for decades, and Fellini recalled:

The most precious collaborator I have ever had, I say it straightaway and don't even have to hesitate, was Nino Rota — between us, immediately, a complete, total, harmony... He had a geometric imagination, a musical approach worthy of celestial spheres. He thus had no need to see images from my movies. When I asked him about the melodies he had in mind to comment one sequence or another, I clearly realized he was not concerned with images at all. His world was inner, inside himself, and reality had no way to enter it.[1]

Rota's score for Fellini's (1963) is often cited as one of the factors which makes the film cohesive. His score for Fellini's Juliet of the Spirits (1965) included a collaboration with Eugene Walter on the song, "Go Milk the Moon" (cut from the final version of the film), and they teamed again for the song "What Is a Youth?", part of Rota's score for Franco Zeffirelli's Romeo and Juliet. In all, Rota wrote scores to more than 150 films.

Rota wrote numerous concerti and other orchestral works as well as piano, chamber and choral music, much of which has been recorded and released on CD. After his death Rota's music was the subject of Hal Willner's 1981 tribute album Amarcord Nino Rota, which featured several at the time relatively unknown but now famous jazz musicians. Gus Van Sant used some of Rota's music in his 2007 film Paranoid Park and director Michael Winterbottom used several Rota selections in the 2005 film Tristram Shandy: A Cock and Bull Story. Danny Elfman frequently cites Nino Rota as a major influence. Director Mario Monicelli filmed a documentary Un amico magico: il maestro Nino Rota which featured interviews with Franco Zeffirelli and Riccardo Muti (a student under Rota at Bari Conservatory), and was followed by a German documentary Nino Rota - Un maestro della musica. Both explored film and concert sides of the composer.

Operas

His 1955 opera Il cappello di paglia di Firenze (The Italian Straw Hat), an adaptation of the play by Eugène Labiche was presented by the Santa Fe Opera in 1977. In 2005 his opera Aladino e la lampada magica (Aladdin and the Magical Lamp), with Cosmin Ifrim in the title role, was performed in German translation at the Vienna State Opera and released on DVD.

Written for a radio production by RAI in 1950, his short opera, I due timidi (The Two Timid Ones), was presented by the Santa Fe Opera as part of their pre-season "One-Hour Opera" program in May/June 2008.

Quotes

Federico Fellini recalls his first chance meeting with Rota:

Outside Cinecitta, I noticed a funny little man waiting in the wrong place for the tram. He seemed happily oblivious of everything. I felt compelled ... to wait with him.... I was certain that the tram would stop in its regular place and we would have to run for it, and he was equally certain it would stop where he was standing.... To my surprise, the tram did stop right in front of us.

A critic conversing with Nino Rota at the age of 11 just prior to a performance of his oratorio, The Childhood of St. John the Baptist, in 1923:

Critic: "Do you like playing?"
Rota: "Whenever I can … Is it hard to write for a newspaper?"
Critic: "It's not easy to do a good article"
Rota: "Have you come from Brussels specially to hear my oratorio?"
Critic: "I certainly have, my little friend."
Rota: "That’s really funny. I won’t be conducting it tonight. Yesterday the double bass snubbed me"

On his friendship with Igor Stravinsky:

Stravinsky was fun; his mind struck sparks. Age was no barrier - ours became a true friendship, despite distance and meeting ever more rarely.

Nino Rota reflecting on the unhappiness of others:

When I’m creating at the piano, I tend to feel happy; but - the eternal dilemma - how can we be happy amid the unhappiness of others? I'd do everything I could to give everyone a moment of happiness. That's what's at the heart of my music.

Federico Fellini on Nino Rota:

He was someone who had a rare quality belonging to the world of intuition. Just like children, simple men, sensitive people, innocent people, he would suddenly say dazzling things. As soon as he arrived, stress disappeared, everything turned into a festive atmosphere; the movie entered a joyful, serene, fantastic period, a new life.

Film scores

1930s

1940s

1950s

1960s

1970s

Concert works

Music for piano

  • Il Mago doppio-Suite per quattro mani (1919)
  • Tre pezzi (1920)
  • Preludio e Fuga per Pianoforte a 4 Mani (Storia del Mago Doppio) (1922)
  • Illumina Tu, O Fuoco (1924)
  • Io Cesserò il Mio Canto (1924)
  • Ascolta o Cuore June (1924)
  • Il Presàgio (1925)
  • La Figliola Del Re (Un Augello Gorgheggiava) (1925)
  • Ippolito gioca (1930)
  • Campane a Festa (1931)
  • Campane a Sera (1933)
  • Il Pastorello e altre Due Liriche Infantili (1935)
  • La Passione (poesia popolare) (1938)
  • Bagatella (1941)
  • Fantasia in sol (1945)
  • Fantasia in do (1946)
  • Azione teatrale scritta nel 1752 da Pietro Metastasio (1954)
  • 15 Preludi (1964)
  • Sette Pezzi Difficili per Bambini (1971)
  • Cantico in Memoria di Alfredo Casella (1972)
  • Due Valzer sul nome di Bach (1975)

Chamber

Duets

  • Pezzo per Corno in Fa e Contrabasso (1931)
  • Sonata per ottoni e organo (1972)
  • Tre Pezzi per 2 flauti (1972-73)

For string and piano

  • Improvviso in re minore per violino e pianoforte (1947)
  • Improvviso per Violino e Pianoforte (Un diavolo sentimentale) (1969)
  • Intermezzo per viola e pianoforte (1945)
  • Sonata in sol per Viola e Pianoforte (1934-35, revised 1970)
  • Sonata per Viola e Pianoforte della Sonata in Re per Clarinetto e pianoforte (1945)
  • Sonata per violino e pianoforte(1936-37)

For wind and piano

  • Castel del Monte - Ballata per Corno e Pianoforte (1974)
  • Cinque Pezzi facili per flauto e pianoforte (1972)
  • Elegia Per Oboe E Pianoforte (1955)
  • Pezzo in re per clarinetto e pianoforte (Agosto) (1977)
  • Sonata in Re per Clarinetto e Pianoforte (1945)
  • Toccata per Fagotto e Pianoforte (1974)

For flute and harp

  • Cadenze per il Concerto K299 di Mozart per flauto e arpa (1962)
  • Sonata per flauto e arpa (1937)

Trios

  • Trio per clarinetto, violoncello e pianoforte (1973)
  • Trio per Flauto, Violino e Pianoforte (1958 settembre)

Quartettos

  • Invenzioni per quartetto d'archi(1932)
  • Quartetto per archi (1948-54)

Miscellaneous

  • Il Presepio: Quartetto d'archi con voce (1929)
  • Il Richiamo: Quintetto d'archi con voce (1923)
  • Minuetto (1931)
  • Nonetto, per flauto, oboe, clarinetto, fagotto, corno, violino, viola, cello e contrabasso (1959, 1974, 1977)
  • Piccola Offerta Musicale per flauto, oboe, clarinetto, corno e fagotto (1943)
  • Quintetto per flauto, oboe, viola, violoncello e arpa (1935)
  • Romanza (Aria) e Marcia (1968)
  • Sarabanda e Toccata per Arpa (1945)
  • Sonata per Organo (1965)

Vocal

  • Perché Si Spense la Lampada (Quando Tu Sollevi la Lampada al Cielo) (August 1923)
  • Vocalizzi per Soprano leggero e Pianoforte (1957)
  • Tre liriche infantili per canto (soprano, tenor) e pianoforte/Three childrens' lyrical poems for voice and piano (1935)
  • Le Prime Battute di 6 Canzoni e un Coro per "L'Isola Disabitata" (April 1932)
  • Mater fons amoris per Soprano (o tenore) solo, coro di donne e organo (1961)
  • Canto e Pianoforte/Voice and Piano (1972)
  • Ballata e Sonetto di Petrarca (1933)

Music for orchestra

  • Infanzia di S. Giovanni Battista oratorio per soli, coro e orchestra (1922)
  • Balli per piccola orchestra (1932-1934)
  • Sonata (Canzona) per orchestra da camera (1935)
  • Variazioni e fuga nei 12 toni sul nome di Bach per orchestra(1950)
  • Concerto in fa, Concerto Festivo per orchestra (1958-61)
  • Concerto per archi (1964-65, nuova revisione 1977)
  • Due Momenti (Divertimenti) (1970)
  • Fantasia sopra dodici note del (1960)
  • Fuga per Quartetto d'Archi, Organo e Orchestra d'Archi (1923)
  • Guardando il Fujiyama (Pensiero per Hiroshima) (1976)
  • La Fiera di Bari (1963, 28-4)
  • La Strada (1966)
  • Le Moliere imaginaire - Ballet Suite (1976-78)
  • Meditazione per coro e orchestra (1954)
  • Rabelaisiana. (1977)
  • Serenata per Orchestra in quattro tempi (1931-1932)
  • Sinfonia n.1 per orchestra (1935-1939)
  • Sinfonia n.2 in Fa per orchestra (1937-39)
  • Sinfonia n.3 in Do (1956-1957)
  • Sinfonia Sopra una Canzone d'Amore (1972)
  • Sonata per orchestra da camera (1937-1938)
  • Variazioni e fuga nei 12 toni sul nome di Bach per Orchestra (1950)
  • Variazioni sopra un tema gioviale per orchestra (1953)
  • Waltzes

Concerto's for solo instrument and orchestra

  • Concerto per Arpa (1947)

Piano and orchestra

Strings and orchestra

  • Concerto per Violoncello n.0 (1925)
  • Divertimento Concertante per Contrabasso e Orchestra (1968-73)
  • Concerto per Violoncello n.1 (1972)
  • Concerto per Violoncello n.2 (1973)

Wind instrument and orchestra

  • Andante sostenuto per il Concerto per Corno K412 di Mozart (1959)
  • Concerto per Trombone (1966)
  • Ballata per Corno e orchestra "Castel del Monte" (1974)
  • Concerto per Fagotto (1974-77)

Opera

  • Il principe porcaro (1926)
  • Ariodante (1938-1941)
  • Torquemada (1943)
  • I due timidi (1950)
  • Il cappello di paglia di Firenze (premiere (1955))
  • Scuola di guida (1959)
  • La notte di un nevrastenico (1959)
  • Lo scoiattolo in gamba (1959)
  • Aladino e la lampada magica (1963-1965)
  • La visita meravigliosa (1965-1969)
  • Napoli milionaria (1973-1977)

Choral

  • Allegro concertante per Coro e Orchestra (1953)
  • Audi Judex Per Coro misto a 4 Voci a cappella (1964)
  • Canto di Gloria (1968)
  • Custodi nos Domine per Coro
  • Due Mottetti Vigilate et orate
  • Il Martirio di San Giovanni Battista/The Martyrdom of St. John the Baptist (1924)
  • Il Natale Degli Innocenti (1968-70)
  • Il Pane del Cielo (1967)
  • Il Pastorello e altre due liriche infantile (canto e pianoforte) (1935)
  • Il Presagio (1925)
  • Inno del Seminario La Quercia per Coro, una Voce e Pianoforte
  • L'infanzia di San Giovanni Battista/The childhood of St. John the Baptist (1922-23)
  • L'isola disabitata (1931)
  • La Figliola Del Re (ex Un Augello Gorgheggiava) (1925)
  • La Vita di Maria (1969-1970)
  • Messa a 4 voci (senza Gloria) (1962)
  • Messa di Requiem (1923-1924)
  • Messa per Coro e Organo (Orchestra) (1960)
  • Messa, Mariae dicata per coro e organo (1961)
  • Mysterium Catholicum (1962)
  • Ninna Nanna (1922, 1923)
  • Psallite nato de Maria Virgine (1958)
  • Quando tu sollevi la lampada al cielo (1922)
  • Roma Capomunni (1970-1971)
  • Salmo IC (1943)
  • Salmo VI Domine (1943)
  • Salve Regina per Voce e Pianoforte (1958)
  • Sonetto di Petrarca (1933)
  • Three Canons For Womens' Voices (1932)
  • Tota Pulchrases (1961)
  • Tu es Petrus in Sol Maggiore (1967)
  • Unum panem (1962)

Discography

CD

ARTS

  • Complete music for Viola/Violin and Piano

Viola & piano intermezzo, viola & piano sonata #1, viola & piano sonata #2, violin & piano sonata, Un diavolo sentimentale, Amanti senza amore

  • Sinfonia sopra una Canzone d’Amore/Concerto-Soirée for piano and orchestra

ASV

  • Chamber Music

Flute & harp sonata, clarinet, cello & piano trio, string quartet, quintetto, flute, violin & piano trio, Piccolo Offerta Musicale (Ex Novo Ensemble)

ATMA

  • La Strada, Harp Concerto, Trombone Concerto, Atma ACD 2 2294
  • La Strada Suite (coupled w/Kurt Weill's Sym No.2), ALCD2 1036

BMG

  • Alle Origini della Mafia
  • Il Cappello di Paglia di Firenze

BIS

  • Kremerata Musica (Jun 97), CD-870

Piccola Offerta Musicale, sarabanda & toccata for harp, flute, violin & piano trio, Ippolito Gioca, Il Presepio, catilena, viola & piano intermezzo, Puccettino nella Giungla, nonetto

  • Symphonies No.1 & 2 (Aug 98), CD-970
  • Symphony 3 (etc.) (Aug 01), CD-1070

CAM

  • La Vita di Maria (1995 January 1), CAM 493062
  • Il Casanova di Federico Fellini (2004 April 30), CAM 493094
  • La Dolce Vita (2003 January 10), CAM 493095
  • Il Gattopardo (2005 January 28), CAM 493267
  • Accadde Al Penitenziario/Un Eroe Dei Nostri Tempi (1992 January 1), CAM 493295
  • Severino Gazzelloni Plays Nino Rota (1993 January 1), CAM 493397
  • Luis Bacalov Plays Nino Rota (1994 January 1), CAM 493398
  • 8 1/2 (2009 March 1), CAM 511316
  • Amarcord (2003 March 28), CAM 511317
  • Giulietta degli Spiriti (2003 May 5), CAM 511318
  • Il Bidone (2003 May 21), CAM 512127
  • Fellini & Rota (2006 February 3), CAM 515348
  • I Clowns (2006 December 12), CAM 515394
  • Prova d'orchestra (2008 September 23), CAM 515465
  • Rocco e i suoi fratelli (2009 June 17), CAM 515510

Chandos

  • Piano Concertos, CHAN 9681
  • The Film Music of Nino Rota (25 November 1999), CHAN 9771
  • Chamber Music (15 June 2000), CHAN 9832

Clarinet, cello & piano trio, viola & piano sonata #2, flute, violin & piano trio, violin & piano sonata

  • Cello Concertos 1 & 2 (21 May 2001), CHAN 9892
  • Concertos (11 March 2002), CHAN 9954

Harp concerto, bassoon concerto, Castel del Monte, trombone concerto

  • Suite from 'La Strada'/Sinfonia sopra una canzone d'amore/Waltzes from 'Il Gattopardo' (16 June 2003), CHAN 10090
  • Symphonies Nos 1 & 2 (1 June 2009), CHAN 10546

DRG

  • The Taming of the Shrew
  • Shoot Loud, Louder... I Don't Understand
  • Death on the Nile

Dynamic

  • Chamber Music

Nonetto, quintetto, canzona, Petite Offrande Musicale (I Solisti Dauni)

  • Chamber Music for Flute

3 duets for flute & oboe, 5 pieces for flute & piano, flute, violin & piano trio, flute & harp sonata, quintetto

  • Works for Violin/Viola and Piano

Un diavolo sentimentale, violin & piano sonata, viola & piano intermezzo, viola & piano sonata #1, viola & piano sonata #2

EMI

  • Film Music

War & Peace, Il Gattopardo, La Strada (ballet), Waterloo

  • 2 Concerti per Pianoforte

Hannibal

  • Amarcord Nino Rota

Kicco Classics

  • Giovanna canta Nino Rota

La Bottega Discantica

  • La Notte di un Nevrastenico/Nonetto
  • La Visita Meravilgiosa
  • Lo Scoiattolo in Gamba/Cristallo di Rocca
  • Mysterium

1962 recording of Mysterium Catholicum, formerly released on Claves

Mana Music

  • Bravo Nino Rota

Amarcord, La Strada, Juliet of the Spirits, La Dolce Vita, I Vitelloni, 8 1/2 (The Umbrellas)

MCA

  • The Godfather
  • The Godfather Part II

Milan

  • Chansons pour Fellini

Neljazz

  • Tribute to Nino Rota

Performed by the Gap Band

Rainbow Classics

  • Chamber Music vol. 1

Organ sonata, clarinet & piano sonata, 5 pieces for flute & piano, bassoon & piano toccata, flute & harp sonata, brass & organ sonata (Venice Ensemble)

Rastascan

  • The Club Foot Orchestra Plays Nino Rota

RCA

  • Boccaccio '70
  • Cinema Italiano: Music of Ennio Morricone & Nino Rota

Henry Mancini performs selections from Morricone & Rota

Silva Screen

  • Romeo & Juliet

Original soundtrack conducted by Rota

  • Romeo & Juliet: Complete Film Score

Re-recording by the City of Prague Philharmonic Orchestra

  • The Godfather Trilogy

Re-recording by the City of Prague Philharmonic Orchestra

Sony

  • La Strada/Concerto per Archi/Il Gattopardo (May 2, 1995)
  • Music for Film (January 13, 1998)

The Godfather, The Godfather Part II, 8 1/2, La Dolce Vita, Orchestra Rehearsal, Rocco and His Brothers, The Leopard

Stradivarius

  • Improvviso

Flute, violin & piano trio, flute & harp sonata, Un Diavolo Sentimentale, 3 duets for flute, 5 pieces for flute & piano, Allegro Veloce, violin & piano sonata, Rotafantasy

References

External links


 
 

 

Copyrights:

Music Encyclopedia. The Concise Grove Dictionary of Music. Copyright © 1994 by Oxford University Press, Inc.. All rights reserved.  Read more
Britannica Concise Encyclopedia. Britannica Concise Encyclopedia. © 2006 Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. All rights reserved.  Read more
Artist. Copyright © 2009 All Media Guide, LLC. Content provided by All Music Guide ®, a trademark of All Media Guide, LLC. All rights reserved.  Read more
Actor. Copyright © 2009 All Media Guide, LLC. All rights reserved.  Read more
Wikipedia. This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Nino Rota" Read more

 

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