Niobium-titanium (NbTi) is an alloy of niobium and titanium, used industrially as a type II superconductor wire for superconducting magnets [1]. Normally as Nb-Ti fibres in an aluminium or copper matrix.
Its critical temperature is 10 kelvins and can remain superconductive until about 15 teslas.
It cannot withstand as high magnetic field intensity as the more expensive (and harder to use) niobium-tin, but for most applications it is sufficient.
Notable uses
Superconducting magnets
A bubble chamber at Argonne National Laboratory has a 4.8 meter diameter Nb-Ti magnet producing a magnetic field of 1.8 teslas.[2]
About 1000 NbTi SC magnets were used in the 4 mile long main ring of the Tevatron accelerator at Fermilab.[3] The magnets were wound with 50 tons of copper cables containing 17 tons of NbTi filaments.[4] They operate at 4.5 K at fields up to 4.5 teslas.
1999: The Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider uses 1,740 NbTi SC 3.45 tesla magnets to bend beams in its 3.8 km double storage ring.[5]
In the Large Hadron Collider particle accelerator the magnets are cooled to 1.9 K to allow safe operation at fields of up to 8.3 T.
Niobium-titanium superconducting magnet coils (liquid helium cooled) will be used in the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer mission to be flown on the international space station.
References
- ^ http://www.americanmagnetics.com/tutorial/charactr.html AMI
- ^ http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/Hbase/solids/scmag.html
- ^ http://supercon.lbl.gov/SuperconDocuments/SSC-MAG-81-1986.pdf
- ^ http://lss.fnal.gov/archive/test-tm/0000/fermilab-tm-0763.pdf The Tevatron 1978
- ^ http://www.bnl.gov/magnets/RHIC/RHIC.asp
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