Op. cit. (Latin, short for "opus citatum"/"opere citato", meaning "the work cited/from the cited work") is the term used to provide an endnote or footnote citation to refer the reader to an earlier citation. To find the Op. cit. source, one has to look at the previous footnotes or general references section to find the relevant author.
In legal citation, the phrase refers to the cited source immediately previous to the last cited source.
Contrast: Ibid, referring to the last cited source, and supra, meaning cited (with details of the source) above. Also loc. cit. ("in the place cited"), now rarely used.
Example
- 9. R. Millan, Art of Latin Grammar (Academic: New York, 1997), p. 23.
- 10. G. Wiki, Language and Its Uses (Blah Ltd.: Old York, 2000), p. 17.
- 11. Millan, op. cit., p. 5.
The reference no. 11 is the same as in no 9. (R. Millan, Art of Latin Grammar), although the page is different.
See also
- ibid.
- Bibliography
- MLA style (may or may not apply to APA style)
External links
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