Operculum

Operculum (brain)

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Brain: Operculum (brain)

Operculum

The insula of the left side, exposed by removing the opercula.
Latin	operculum frontale, operculum parietale, operculum temporale
Gray's	subject #189 825

Operculum, derived from Latin, meaning "little lid", refers to the cerebral cortex on the outside surface of the brain bordering the lateral sulcus, and the roof and floor of the lateral sulcus. (The back wall of the lateral sulcus is the insula.) Neuroscience divides the operculum into orbital, frontal, parietal and temporal regions, after the lobes they form a part of.

Human brain: forebrain (cerebrum · cerebral cortex · cerebral hemispheres, grey matter) (TA A14.1.09.002–240, 301–320, GA 9.818–826)

Frontal lobe

Superolateral

Medial/inferior

Prefrontal	Superior frontal gyrus (4m, 6m) · Medial frontal gyrus (8m, 9m) Paraterminal gyrus/Paraolfactory area (12) · Straight gyrus (11m) · Orbital gyri/Orbitofrontal cortex (10m, 11m, 12) · Ventromedial prefrontal cortex (10m) · Subcallosal area (25) Olfactory sulcus · Orbital sulci

Precentral	Paracentral lobule (4) · Paracentral sulcus

Both

Primary motor cortex (4) · Premotor cortex (6) · Supplementary motor area (6) · Frontal eye fields (8)

Parietal lobe

Superolateral	Superior parietal lobule (5l, 7l) · Inferior parietal lobule (40-Supramarginal gyrus, 39-Angular gyrus) · Parietal operculum (43) Intraparietal sulcus

Medial/inferior	Paracentral lobule (1m, 2m, 3m, 5m) · Precuneus (7m) Marginal sulcus

Both	Postcentral gyrus/primary somatosensory cortex (1 · 2 · 3) · Secondary somatosensory cortex (5) · Posterior parietal cortex (7)

Occipital lobe

Superolateral	Occipital pole of cerebrum · Lateral occipital gyrus (18, 19) · Lunate sulcus · Transverse occipital sulcus

Medial/inferior	Primary visual cortex (17) · Cuneus · Lingual gyrus Calcarine fissure

Temporal lobe

Superolateral	Transverse temporal gyrus/Primary auditory cortex (41, 42) · Superior temporal gyrus (38, 22/Wernicke's area) · Middle temporal gyrus (21) · Inferior temporal gyrus (20) Superior temporal sulcus · Inferior temporal sulcus

Medial/inferior	Fusiform gyrus (37) Medial temporal lobe (27 · 28 · 34 · 35 · 36) Inferior temporal sulcus

Interlobar
sulci/fissures

Superolateral	Central (frontal+parietal) · Lateral (frontal+parietal+temporal) · Parieto-occipital · Preoccipital notch

Medial/inferior	Medial longitudinal · Cingulate (frontal+cingulate) · Collateral (temporal+occipital) · Callosal sulcus

Limbic lobe

Parahippocampal gyrus	anterior (Entorhinal cortex, Perirhinal cortex) · Posterior parahippocampal gyrus · Prepyriform area

Cingulate cortex/gyrus	Subgenual area (25) · Anterior cingulate (24, 32, 33) · Posterior cingulate (23, 31) Isthmus of cingulate gyrus: Retrosplenial cortex (26, 29, 30)

Hippocampal formation	Hippocampal sulcus · Fimbria of hippocampus · Dentate gyrus · Rhinal sulcus

Other	Supracallosal gyrus · Uncus

Insular lobe

Long gyrus of insula · Short gyri of insula · Circular sulcus of insula

General

Operculum · Poles of cerebral hemispheres

Some categorizations are approximations, and some Brodmann areas span gyri.

M: CNS

anat(n/s/m/p/4/e/b/d/c/a/f/l/g)/phys/devp

noco(m/d/e/h/v/s)/cong/tumr, sysi/epon, injr

proc, drug(N1A/2AB/C/3/4/7A/B/C/D)

Human systems and organs

TA 2–4:
MS

Skeletal system	Bone (Carpus · Collar bone (clavicle) · Thigh bone (femur) · Fibula · Humerus · Mandible · Metacarpus · Metatarsus · Ossicles · Patella · Phalanges · Radius · Skull (cranium) · Tarsus · Tibia · Ulna · Rib · Vertebra · Pelvis · Sternum) · Cartilage

Joints	Fibrous joint · Cartilaginous joint · Synovial joint

Muscular system	Muscle · Tendon · Diaphragm

TA 5–11:
splanchnic/
viscus

mostly
Thoracic

Respiratory system

URT (Nose, Nasopharynx, Larynx) · LRT (Trachea, Bronchus, Lung)

mostly
Abdominopelvic

Digestive system+ adnexa	Mouth (Salivary gland, Tongue) · upper GI (Oropharynx, Laryngopharynx, Esophagus, Stomach) · lower GI (Small intestine, Appendix, Colon, Rectum, Anus) · accessory (Liver, Biliary tract, Pancreas)

GU: Urinary system	Kidney · Ureter · Bladder · Urethra

GU: Reproductive system	Female (Uterus, Vulva, Ovary, Placenta) · Male (Scrotum, Penis, Prostate, Testicle, Seminal vesicle)

Endocrine system

Pituitary · Pineal · Thyroid · Parathyroid · Adrenal · Islets of Langerhans

TA 12–16

Circulatory system

Cardiovascular system	peripheral (Artery, Vein, Lymphatic vessel) · Heart

Lymphatic system	primary (Bone marrow, Thymus) · secondary (Spleen, Lymph node)

Nervous system

(Brain, Spinal cord, Nerve) · Sensory system (Ear, Eye)

Integumentary system

Skin · Subcutaneous tissue · Breast (Mammary gland)

Blood
(Non-TA)

Myeloid	Myeloid immune system

Lymphoid	Lymphoid immune system

General anatomy: systems and organs, regional anatomy, planes and lines, superficial axial anatomy, superficial anatomy of limbs

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