Ophthalmoscopy is a test that allows a health professional to see inside the fundus of the eye and other structures using an Opthalmoscope. It is done as part of an eye examination and may be done as part of a routine physical examination. The invention of the opthalmoscope in 1850 by Hermann Von Helmholtz revoulutionized opthalmology.[1]
Contents |
Types
It is of two major types:
- Direct ophthalmoscopy
- Indirect ophthalmoscopy
| Features | Direct ophthalmoscopy | Indirect ophthalmoscopy |
|---|---|---|
| Condensing Lens | Not Required | Required |
| Examination Distance | As close to patient's eye as possible | At an arm's length |
| Image | Virtual, Erect | Real, Inverted |
| Illumination | Not so bright; so not useful in hazy media | Bright; so useful for hazy media |
| Area of field in focus | About 2 disc diopters | About 8 disc diopters |
| Stereopsis | Absent | Present |
| Accessible fundus view | Slightly beyond equator | Up to Ora serrata i.e. peripheral retina |
| Examination through hazy media | Not possible | Possible |
- Slit-lamp ophthalmoscopy
Indications
Ophthalmoscopy is done as part of a routine physical or complete eye examination.
It is used to detect and evaluate symptoms of retinal detachment or eye diseases such as glaucoma.
Ophthalmoscopy may also be done in various medical conditions like hypertension, diabetes, or other diseases that affect the blood vessels.
Outcome
Ophthalmoscopy is considered to be 90-95% accurate and can detect the early stages and effects of many serious diseases.
References
- ^ "Principles of Ophthalmoscopy". lifehugger.com. http://pn.lifehugger.com/doc/617/Principles_of_Ophthalmoscopy. Retrieved on 2009-05-24.
External links
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