Orlando

George Frideric Handel

Operas Almira (1705) Florindo (1708) Rodrigo (1707) Agrippina (1709) Rinaldo (1711) Il pastor fido (1712) Silla (1713) Teseo (1713) Amadigi di Gaula (1715) Acis and Galatea (1718) Radamisto (1720) Muzio Scevola (1721) Floridante (1721) Ottone (1723) Flavio (1723) Giulio Cesare (1724) Tamerlano (1724) Rodelinda (1725) Scipione (1726) Alessandro (1726) Admeto (1727) Riccardo Primo (1727) Siroe (1728) Tolomeo (1728) Lotario (1729) Partenope (1730) Poro (1731) Ezio (1732) Sosarme (1732) Orlando (1733) Arianna in Creta (1734) Oreste (1734) Ariodante (1735) Alcina (1735) Atalanta (1736) Arminio (1737) Giustino (1737) Berenice (1737) Alessandro Severo (1738) Faramondo (1738) Serse (1738) Giove in Argo (1739) Imeneo (1740) Deidamia (1741) Semele (1744) Alceste (1750)

Oratorios Il trionfo del tempo e del disinganno (1707) La resurrezione (1708) Brockes Passion (1715) Esther (1718) Deborah (1733) Athalia (1733) Alexander's Feast (1736) Il trionfo del tempo e della verità (1737) Saul (1738) Israel in Egypt (1738) L'Allegro, il Penseroso ed il Moderato (1740) Messiah (1741) Samson (1741) Semele (1743) Joseph and his Brethren (1743) Hercules (1744) Belshazzar (1744) Occasional Oratorio (1746) Judas Maccabaeus (1746) Joshua (1747) Alexander Balus (1747) Susanna (1748) Solomon (1748) Theodora (1749) The Choice of Hercules (1750) Jephtha (1752) The Triumph of Time and Truth (1757)

Cantatas Ero e Leandro (1707) Clori, Tirsi e Fileno (1707) Aci, Galatea e Polifemo (1708) Dalla guerra amorosa (1709) Apollo e Dafne (1710) Ode for the Birthday of Queen Anne (1713) Ode for St. Cecilia's Day (1739)

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Orlando (HWV 31) is an opera seria in three acts by George Frideric Handel. The Italian-language libretto was adapted from Carlo Sigismondo Capece's L'Orlando after Ludovico Ariosto's Orlando Furioso, which was also the source of Handel's operas Alcina and Ariodante.

Performance history

The opera was first given at the King's Theatre in London on 27 January 1733. There were 10 performances but it was not revived thereafter. The first modern production was at the Unicorn Theatre, Abingdon, on 6 May 1959.

London's Royal Opera House revived their 2003 production of the opera in February/March 2007 with Bejun Mehta again in the title role. The company's magazine, About the House, described Orlando's mad scene as "one of the most remarkable pieces of writing in Handel's output." The role of Angelica was sung by Rosemary Joshua and that of Dorinda by Camilla Tilling. The conductor was Sir Charles Mackerras and the director was Francisco Negrin.

Roles

The role of Orlando, originally written for Senesino, the great alto castrato, is nowadays generally performed by a countertenor (e.g. James Bowman or David Daniels) or a mezzo-soprano (e.g. Patricia Bardon). The role of Medoro, however, was originally written for an alto (mezzo-soprano), and this is usually retained in modern performance (e.g. Hilary Summers), though not always. The characters of Dorinda and Angelica are represented by sopranos, and Zoroastro by a bass.

Synopsis

Orlando (Roland), a great soldier in Charlemagne's army, falls desperately in love with the pagan princess Angelica, who is in turn in love with another man, Medoro. Orlando cannot accept this and he is driven to madness, prevented only from causing absolute carnage by the magician Zoroastro (who eventually restores his sanity).

Recordings

• William Christie, Les Arts Florissants, with Patricia Bardon, Rosa Mannion, Hilary Summers, Rosemary Joshua, Harry van der Kamp (1996)
• Christopher Hogwood, The Academy of Ancient Music (AAM), with James Bowman, Arleen Augér, Kirkby, Robbin, Thomas (1991)

Sources

• Dean, Winton (2006), Handel's Operas, 1726-1741, Boydell Press, ISBN 1843832682  The second of the two volume definitive reference on the operas of Handel
• Orlando (ii) by Anthony Hicks, in 'The New Grove Dictionary of Opera', ed. Stanley Sadie (London, 1992) ISBN 0-333-73432-7