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Oseltamivir is indicated for the treatment and prevention of infections due to influenza A and B virus in people at least one year of age. The usual adult dosage for treatment of influenza is 75 mg twice daily for 5 days, beginning within 2 days of the appearance of symptoms and with decreased doses for children and patients with renal impairment. Oseltamivir may be given as a preventive measure either during a community outbreak or following close contact with an infected individual. Standard prophylactic dosage is 75 mg once daily for patients aged 13 and older, which has been shown to be safe and effective for up to six weeks. The importance of early treatment is that the NA protein inhibition is more effective within the first 48 hours. If the virus has replicated and infected many cells the effectiveness of this medication will be severely diminished, especially over time.http://www.answers.com/topic/oseltamivir#cite_note-rocheinfo-3http://www.answers.com/topic/oseltamivir#cite_note-rossi_2006-4The standard recommended dose incompletely suppresses viral replication in at least some patients with http://www.answers.com/topic/h5n1 http://www.answers.com/topic/bird-flu, increasing the risk of viral resistance and rendering therapy less effective.http://www.answers.com/topic/oseltamivir#cite_note-de_jong_2005-5 Accordingly, it has been suggested that higher doses and longer durations of therapy should be used for treatment of patients with the H5N1 virus.http://www.answers.com/topic/oseltamivir#cite_note-de_jong_2005-5http://www.answers.com/topic/oseltamivir#cite_note-ward_et_al._2005-6Clinical trials for an increased dosage were set to begin by May 2007. All avian influenza cases in Indonesia, Thailand, and Vietnam will be inducted into the trial. The trial will also include 100 cases of severe seasonal influenza from each of those countries, plus the United States. Half of cases will receive the current standard dosage, and half will receive a double dosage, but for the standard length of time.http://www.answers.com/topic/oseltamivir#cite_note-7http://www.answers.com/topic/oseltamivir#cite_note-8Chokephaibulkit et al. recommend the use of oseltamivir for children with avian influenza, based on experience with one patient.http://www.answers.com/topic/oseltamivir#cite_note-9

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