OXO

OXO
OXO played in an EDSAC emulator for System 6/System 7 running in Classic in Mac OS X v10.4.3.
Developer(s)	A.S. Douglas
Designer(s)	A.S. Douglas
Platform(s)	EDSAC
Release date(s)	1952
Genre(s)	Traditional game and Paper and pencil game
Mode(s)	Single player
Media	Delay line memory
Input methods	rotary dial, console

OXO (also known as Noughts and Crosses) is a tic-tac-toe computer game made for the EDSAC computer in 1952. It was written by Alexander S. Douglas as an illustration for his Ph.D. thesis on human-computer interaction for the University of Cambridge. OXO was the first digital graphical game to run on a computer ^[1]

The simulation was played using a rotary telephone controller, and was designed for the world's first stored-program computer^{[citation needed]}. OXO is often listed as the first computer game.^{[citation needed]}

In OXO the player played against the computer, and output was displayed on the computer's 35×16 pixel cathode ray tube. The source code was short, yet it played a perfect game of noughts and crosses. OXO did not have widespread popularity because the EDSAC was a computer unique to Cambridge.

Startscreen

9 8 7       NOUGHTS AND CROSSES
6 5 4               BY
3 2 1       A S DOUGLAS, C.1952

LOADING PLEASE WAIT...

EDSAC/USER FIRST (DIAL 0/1):  

Program output

EDSAC/USER FIRST (DIAL 0/1):1
DIAL MOVE:6
DIAL MOVE:1
DIAL MOVE:2
DIAL MOVE:7
DIAL MOVE:9
DRAWN GAME...
EDSAC/USER FIRST (DIAL 0/1):

See also

• First video game

References

External links

• Edsac Simulator: An emulator of the EDSAC, including the code for OXO
• PONG-Story: A.S. Douglas' 1952 Noughts and Crosses game

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