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Pakatan Rakyat

 
Wikipedia: Pakatan Rakyat
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People's Pact
Pakatan Rakyat
Leader Anwar Ibrahim
Lim Kit Siang
Abdul Hadi Awang
Founded April 1, 2008
Headquarters Petaling Jaya, Malaysia (DAP & PKR)
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (PAS)
Ideology Social justice, Progressive, Social democracy, Public welfare
National affiliation Malaysia
Malaysia

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Pakatan Rakyat or PR (English: People's Pact/People's Alliance) is an informal Malaysian political coalition formed on April 1, 2008. The political coalition comprises a group of Malaysian political parties, namely, the People's Justice Party (PKR), Democratic Action Party (DAP), and Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS), who collectively worked together in what was colloquially called the Barisan Rakyat (People's Front) during the 12th Malaysian general election in 2008. In the 10th General Election, they had formed the Barisan Alternatif (Alternative Front). Each political party in People's Alliance has its own ideology; PKR promotes its ideals that revolves around social justice and anti-corruption themes, PAS with its aim to establish Malaysia as a nation based on Islamic legal theory and DAP with its secular, multi-racial, social democratic ideals.

Pakatan Rakyat is to be collectively led and managed, by all three parties and pledges to uphold the rights and interests of all Malaysians. With the establishment of the Pakatan Rakyat coalition, State Governments of Kelantan, Kedah, Penang,and Selangor are known as the Pakatan Rakyat state governments. The government of Perak was under Pakatan until February 2009, when Barisan Nasional claimed power, causing a still ongoing constitutional crisis.

Contents

History

The 'Big Three Of Pakatan Rakyat'.

The Pakatan Rakyat is a maturing development of the concept, of Barisan Rakyat (English: People's Front), that was created during the election campaign of the 12th Malaysian general election in 2008. Barisan Rakyat was the banner and policy position document which a group of Malaysian opposition political parties (DAP, PKR, PAS, PSM, MDP and PASOK) endorsed and coalesced around for that election.

PKR, DAP and PAS have also won in the recent general elections 41, 73, and 86 seats, respectively, in the various state assemblies. On July 10, Opposition and PR leader Datin Wan Azizah submitted an urgent motion of "no-confidence" in Prime Minister Datuk Seri Abdullah Ahmad Badawi, on behalf of the Pakatan Rakyat (PR) MPs. The reasons she cited were the narrow victory of Barisan Nasional in the March general election, the sudden fuel price hike, the marginalisation of PR-led states and the alleged oppression of BN MPs to voice up, had led to the confidence crisis against the prime minister. [1]

On August 28, 2008, Anwar Ibrahim rejoined parliament on and was appointed leader of the Pakatan Rakyat, taking over the position from Datuk Wan Azizah.[2] As of 2009, Pakatan Rakyat remains an informal coalition. The media has reported that Malaysian law only allows the registration of a coalition comprising seven parties or more. However, former de facto Law Minister Zaid Ibrahim, who coordinates the activities of the PR secretariat, has said "In fact in all our daily activities we are already acting as members of Pakatan and not just members of PKR, PAS or DAP." The media has reported that PR leaders "are understood to be in talks with several political parties to join the alliance."[3] In October 2009, the Registrar of Societies stated that Pakatan could formally register as a coalition, as "The condition does not apply to political parties as they enjoy a national status. Only [a] state-level organisation aspiring to become a national entity needs to have seven members from the states."[4] On 9 October 2009, Lim Kit Siang announced that Pakatan would seek to register itself as a formal coalition in light of this clarification.[5] On 4 November 2009, Pakatan officials told the press that they had submitted a formal application to the Registrar of Societies, naming Zaid as the chairman of the alliance.[6] PKR MP Tian Chua publicly denied this, saying the coalition had not yet decided on a constitution, logo, or leadership structure.[7]

Zaid has issued a statement on Pakatan's ideology, stating that in government, it would introduce anti-discrimination laws, set up a social safety net, establish a new education policy aimed at producing competitive graduates, especially among the Malays and Bumiputra, repeal the Internal Security Act and Printing Presses and Publications Act, amend the Official Secrets Act and Sedition Act to limit the government's power, and reform law enforcement institutions like the courts, the Royal Malaysian Police, and the Malaysian Anti-Corruption Commission. Zaid also said that the proposed anti-discrimination law would not require the repeal or amendment of Article 153 of the Constitution.[8]

Members of Pakatan Rakyat's Front Bench

On 2 July 2009, Pakatan Rakyat announced a list of its Members of Parliament who would shadow individual ministries. DAP Member of Parliament Tony Pua stated that this front bench would explicitly not be a Shadow Cabinet because the Malaysian Parliament does not recognise the institution of a Shadow Cabinet.[9]

Portfolio PKR Member PAS Member DAP Member Actual Minister
Prime Minister's Department

Anwar Ibrahim (Leader of the Opposition)
Mohamed Azmin Ali
Sivarasa Rasiah
Abdul Khalid Ibrahim
William Leong
Kesavan a/l Shamugom
Fuziah Salleh

Abdul Hadi Awang
Nasharudin Mat Isa
Salahuddin Ayub
Hatta Ramli
Dzulkifli Ahmad
Taib Azamuddin
Khalid Samad

Lim Kit Siang
Ngeh Koo Ham
Hiew King Chiew
John Fernandez

Mohd Najib bin Tun Razak (Prime Minister)
Muhyiddin Yassin (Deputy Prime Minister)
Koh Tsu Koon
Nazri Aziz
Nor Mohamed Yakcop
Jamil Khir Baharom
Idris Jala
Ministry of Home Affairs Johari Abdul Salahuddin Haji Ayub Karpal Singh Hishammuddin Tun Hussein
Ministry of Finance Mohamed Azmin Ali Dzulkifli Ahmad Lim Guan Eng

Mohd Najib bin Tun Razak (Minister of Finance I)
Ahmad Husni Hanadzlah (Minister of Finance II)
Ministry of Transport Zahrain Mohamed Hashim Khalid Samad Tan Kok Wai Ong Tee Keat
Ministry of Works Kamarul Bahrin Abbas Mahfuz Omar Gobind Singh Deo Shaziman Abu Mansor
Ministry of Plantation Industries and Commodities Rashid Din Wan Abd Rahim Wan Abdullah Er Teck Hwa Bernard Dompok
Ministry of Energy, Green Technology and Water Chua Tian Chang Nasir bin Zakaria Charles Anthony Santiago Peter Chin Fah Kui
Ministry of International Trade and Industry William Leong Mohd Hatta Ramli Teresa Kok Mustapa Mohamed
Ministry of Agriculture and Agro-based Industry Ahmad Kassim Taib Azamuddin Md Taib Sim Tong Him Noh Omar
Ministry of Domestic Trade, Co-operatives and Consumerism Azan Ismail Mohd Abdul Wahid Endut Jeff Ooi Ismail Sabri Yaakob
Ministry of Education Yusmadi Yusoff Che Uda Che Nik Chong Eng Muhyiddin Yassin
Ministry of Information, Communications and Culture Amran Abdul Ghani Mahfuz Haji Omar Teo Nie Ching Rais Yatim
Ministry of Human Resources Abdullah Sani Abdul Hamid Muhammad bin Husin M Kulasegaran Subramaniam Sathasivam
Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation Nurul Izzah Anwar Che Rosli Che Mat Chow Kon Yeow Maximus Ongkili
Ministry of Housing and Local Government Hee Loy Sian Siti Mariah Mahmud Nga Kor Ming Kong Cho Ha
Ministry of Defence Saifuddin Nasution Ismail Mohammad Nizar Jamaluddin Liew Chin Tong Ahmad Zahid Hamidi
Ministry of Rural and Regional Development Ab Aziz Ab Kadir Ab Halim bin Ab Rahman M Manogaran Mohd Shafie Apdal
Ministry of Foreign Affairs Sivarasa Rasiah Kamarudin Jaffar P Ramasamy Anifah Aman
Ministry of Youth and Sports Tan Tee Beng Mohd Firdaus bin Jaafar Anthony Loke Siew Fook Ahmad Shabery Cheek
Ministry of Health Lee Boon Chye Mohd Hayati Othman Tan Seng Giaw Liow Tiong Lai
Ministry of Women, Family and Community Development Zuraida Kamaruddin Siti Zailah bt Mohd Yusuf Fong Po Kuan Shahrizat Abdul Jalil
Ministry of Tourism Manikavasagam a/l Sundaram Wan Abd Rahim Wan Abdullah Fong Kui Lun Ng Yen Yen
Ministry of the Federal Territories Wee Choo Keong Lo' Lo' Haji Mohd Ghazali Lim Lip Eng Raja Nong Chik Zainal Abidin
Ministry of Higher Education Zulkifli Nordin Salahuddin Haji Ayub Tony Pua Mohamed Khaled Nordin
Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment Gobalakrishnan a/l Nagapan Mujahid Yusof Rawa Chong Chien Jen Douglas Uggah Embas

Pakatan Rakyat's Component Parties and Leaders

People's Pact General Chief: Yang Berhormat Datuk Seri Anwar Ibrahim

Pakatan Rakyat's Members of the 12th Parliament of Malaysia

Pie chart representing proportion of parliament seats won by contesting parties.

Dewan Negara (Senate)

Senators

  • Kedah
    • Muhammad Yusof bin Husin (PAS)
    • Zamri bin Yusuf (PKR)
  • Kelantan
    • Puan Hajah Mumtaz Binti Md Nawi (PAS)
  • Penang
    • Tunku Abdul Aziz bin Ibrahim(DAP)
    • Mustafa Kamal bin Mohd Yussof(PKR)


Dewan Rakyat (House of Representatives)

Members of Parliament

Parliamentary results map of Malaysian general election 2008
  • Current total numbers of MP = 82 (after included PSM and SAPP MP and deducted Pasir Mas MP as independent)

Pakatan Rakyat state governments

References

  1. ^ Wan Azizah files emergency motion of "no confidence" in PM; Speaker to decide on Monday
  2. ^ Anwar rejoins Malaysia parliament, heads opposition, Express India, August 28, 2008
  3. ^ Lau, Leslie (2009-07-31). "Pakatan parties will seal pact, says Zaid". The Malaysian Insider. http://www.themalaysianinsider.com/index.php/malaysia/33811-pakatan-parties-will-seal-pact-says-zaid. Retrieved 2009-07-31. 
  4. ^ "ROS: Pakatan can register as a single party". Malaysiakini. 2009-10-08. http://malaysiakini.com/news/114553. Retrieved 2009-10-08. 
  5. ^ "Pakatan Rakyat to register as a coalition". The Malaysian Insider. 2009-10-09. http://www.malaysianinsider.com/index.php/malaysia/39878-pakatan-rakyat-to-register-as-a-coalition. Retrieved 2009-10-09. 
  6. ^ "Zaid to helm Pakatan Rakyat". Malaysiakini. 2009-11-04. http://malaysiakini.com/news/116688. Retrieved 2009-11-05. 
  7. ^ Ghazali, Rahmah (2009-11-05). "No decision on 'Zaid to lead Pakatan', yet". Malaysiakini. http://malaysiakini.com/news/116744. Retrieved 2009-11-05. 
  8. ^ Lau, Leslie (2009-08-10). "Zaid outlines blueprint for Pakatan government". The Malaysian Insider. http://www.themalaysianinsider.com/index.php/malaysia/34702-zaid-outlines-blueprint-for-pakatan-government. Retrieved 2009-08-10. 
  9. ^ Pathmawathy, S (2009-07-02). "Pakatan forms 'cabinet' committees". Malaysiakini. http://malaysiakini.com/news/107680. Retrieved 2009-07-02. 

See also

v • d • e
Malaysia Political parties in Malaysia
National Front
People's Alliance
Other parties
Malaysian People's Party (PRM) · Malaysian Workers' Party (PPM) · Malaysian Dayak Congress (MDC) · Pan-Malaysian Islamic Front (BERJASA) · Malaysian Indian Muslim Congress (KIMMA) · United Pasok Nunukragang National Organisation (PASOK) · Community Coalition Congress (CCC) · Federated Sabah People's Front (BERSEKUTU) · United Democratic Sabah People's Power Party (SETIA) · State Reform Party (STAR) · Malaysian People's Justice Front (AKIM) · Malaysian Democratic Party (MDP) · All Malaysian Indian Progressive Front (AMIPF) · Punjabi Party of Malaysia (PPM) · Socialist Party of Malaysia (PSM) · Sarawak Native People's Party (PBDS) · Sarawak National Party (SNAP) · Sabah Progressive Party (SAPP)
Politics of Malaysia · Politics portal · List of political parties by country

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