Panj River

Panj River
The Panj river forms much of the border between Tajikistan and Afghanistan
Origin	confluence of Pamir and Vahandarya Rivers
Mouth	Amu Darya
Basin countries	Afghanistan, Tajikistan
Length	921 km
Avg. discharge	1,000 m³/s
Basin area	114,000 km²

The Panj River from space

The Panj River (pronounced /ˈpændʒ/), also known by its Russian mispronunciation and misspelling, as Pyandzh River or Piandj River (Tajik: Панҷ), is a tributary of the Amu River. The river is 1,125 km long and forms a considerable part of the Afghanistan - Tajikistan border.^[1] The river starts from the lake Zorkul in the ancient region of Badakhshan. From there, it flows westwards alongside the border of two countries. After passing the city of Khorog, capital of the Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region of Tajikistan it receives water from one of its main tributaries, the Bartang River. It then turns towards the southwest, before joining the river Vakhsh and forming the greatest river of Central Asia, the Amudarya. Panj played a very important role during Soviet times, and was a strategic river during the Soviet military operations in Afghanistan in 1980's.

Water consumption

The Panj near Kevron, on the border of Tajikistan and Afghanistan

A water treaty between the Soviet Union and Afghanistan, signed in 1946, allows Afghanistan to draw 9 million cubic metres of water a year.^[1] It currently draws 2 million cubic metres of water. According to the Pyanj River Basin Project environmental damage could be expected if Afghanistan drew the entire amount of water from the river that the treaty allows.

Bridges

• Afghanistan-Tajikistan Bridge: A highway bridge was built over the river between Tajikistan and Afghanistan at Nizhnii Panj. The contract was awarded in May 2005 and the construction [1] of the bridge began in Jan 2006 and was completed in August 2007. The financing was provided by the USA, amounting to 37 million USD, and the construction was done by an Italian General Construction company Rizzani de Eccher S.p.A. under the ownership of US Army Corps of Engineers. The bridge replaces a barge with which only 60 cars a day can be transported and which is unusable many months in the year due to strong current of the river. RAWA reports^[2] that this facilitates the heroin trade, the key to the economic miracle in Afghanistan.

• Another bridge at was built at the confluence with the Gunt River at Khorog in 2003.
• A bridge exists at Langar, which may still be closed.

The Aga Khan Development Network has been engaged in a project to build a series of three bridges across the Panj River between Tajikistan and Afghanistan.^[3]

• The first of these bridges, connecting Tem on the Tajik side with Demogan on the Afghan side, was innaugrated by Tajikistan’s President Emomali Rahmonov, Afghanistan’s Vice-President Hedayat Amin Arsala and His Highness the Aga Khan in November, 2002.^[3][4]
• This was followed by the inauguration of the Tajik-Afghan Friendship Bridge at Darwaz in July, 2004,^[5]
• The Ishkashim bridge between Ishkashim, Afghanistan and Ishkashim, Tajikistan was inaugurated in October, 2006.^[6][7]

References

See also

• Amu river