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The Patiala Gharana is one of the most prominent gharanas of vocal Hindustani classical music. It was initially sponsored by rulers of the Patiala state of Punjab, which was famous for ghazal, thumri, and khayal. Patiala Gharana was not just an ordinary family, ‘Gharana’ a word which describes the family’s lone ancestral possession was the seraphic and the melodious voices.
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History
The Patiala Gharana was founded by Ustad Jasae Khan during rule of Maharaja Mohinder Singh. Other early proponents include Ditae Khan and Ustad Kalu Khan, who became singers in the court of Maharaja of Patiala in the late nineteenth century[1]. The Patiala Gharana reached its zenith during mid-twentieth century under stalwarts like Bade Ghulam Ali Khan.
This school of music has had a number of famous musicians, many of whom came to be patronised by the royal family of Patiala after the disintegration of the Mughal Empire at Delhi in the 18th century.
The Patiala gharana tends to favor pentatonic ragas for their ornamentation and execution of intricate taans. Ektaal and Teentaal are the most common taals chosen by members of this gharana. Besides khyal, thumri singing is emphasized.
This gharana has been criticized by purists, who say it overuses ornaments and graces without considering the basic nature and mood of the raga, as exemplified by Bade Ghulam Ali Khan's quick ascent through the octave in his rendering of Darbari.[2]
Blood-Relative Members in Patiala Gharana
1. Ustad Ali Baksh Generale - Son of Mia Kalu ji
2. Ustad Akhtar Hussain Khan - Son of Ali Baksh Generale
3. Ustad Amanat Ali Khan
4. Ustad Fateh Ali Khan
5. Ustad Hamid Ali Khan
6. Ustad Amjad Amanat Ali Khan
7. Ustad Asad Amanat Ali Khan
8. Shafqat Amanat Ali
9. Rustam Fateh Ali
10. Sultan Fateh Ali
11. Ustad Gohar Ali Khan
12. Johar Ali Khan
13. Ajmal Ali Khan
14. Nazakat Ali Khan
15. Nadeem Ali Khan
16. Asif Ali Khan
17. Ali Khan
18. Wali Khan
19. Ustad Fateh Ali Khan (Cornnel)
20. Ashique Ali Khan
21. Ustad Baakar Hussain Khan (from Maler Kotla, Punjab)
22. Abdul Rehman Khan
23. Sharafat Hussain
Leading exponents
- Ajoy Chakraborty
- Akhtar Hussain
- Ali Baksh
- Ustad Amanat Ali Khan and Ustad Fateh Ali Khan
- Ustad Mohammed Hussain Sarahang
- Asad Amanat Ali Khan
- Bade Ghulam Ali Khan
- Begum Akhtar
- Dilshad Khan, husband of Parveen Sultana
- Ghulam Ali
- Ustad Gohar Ali Khan
- Hamid Ali Khan
- Jagdish Prasad
- Johar Ali Khan
- Lakshmi Shankar
- Mazhar Ali Khan and Jawaad Ali Khan Grandsons of Bade Ghulam Ali Khan
- Ustad Mohammad Hussain Sarahang From Afghanistan
- Munawar Ali Khan
- Munni Begum
- Naina Devi
- Nirmala Devi
- Parveen Sultana
- Raza Ali Khan
- Dayal Thakur
- Sanjukta Ghosh
- Sher Ali Sher
- Vasantrao Deshpande
External links
References
- ^ Patiala Gharana losing ground
- ^ Bagchee, Sandeep (1998). Nād: Understanding Rāga Music. BPI (India) PVT Ltd. p. 182. ISBN 81-86982-07-8.
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