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Bifurcation - instant transition of whole system to a new stable pattern when a threshold is reached. Also known as multi-stability in which many stable states are possible.
Examples of pattern types –
- Transition between disordered and ordered pattern
- Transition from an even use of many food sources to one source
- Formation of branched nest galleries
- Group preference of one exit by escaping ants
- Chain formation of mutual leg grasping
Synchronization – oscillating patterns of activity in which individuals at different activity levels stimulate one another emerging from mutual activation.
Examples of pattern types
- Short scale rhythms arising from mechanical activation from physical contact
- Long scale rhythms in which temporal changes in food needs and larvae stimulate changes in the reproductive cycle
Self organized waves – traveling waves of chemical concentration or mechanical deformation
Examples of pattern types
- Alarm waves propagated by physical contact
- Rotating trails from spatial changes in food resources acting on trail laying activity
Self-organized criticality – abrupt disturbances in a system resulting from a build up of events without external stimuli
Examples of pattern types
- Abrupt changes in feeding activity
- Mechanical grasping of legs forming ant droplets[1]
References
- ^ Detrain, C., and J. L. Deneubourg. 2006. "Self-Organized Structures in a Superorganism: Do Ants "Behave" Like Molecules?" Physics of Life Reviews (ISSN 1571-0645). 3, no. 3: 162-187.
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