(b Munich, 5 July 1897; d Tel-Aviv, 14 Jan 1984). Israeli composer. He studied at the Munich Academy (1915-20) and conducted in Augsburg (1924-31) before moving to Palestine, where he changed his name and began to attempt a synthesis of Middle Eastern music and Western tradition. His works include two wartime symphonies, concertos for violin (1960) and cello (1962), a String Quartet (1937) and choral pieces.

The Concise Grove Dictionary of Music. Copyright © 1994 by Oxford University Press, Inc.. All rights reserved.