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Gale Encyclopedia of the Mideast & N. Africa:

Peace Now

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Israeli peace protest movement.

Peace Now, the oldest, largest, and at times most effective peace movement in Israel, was founded in the spring of 1978 by a group of reserve officers of the Israel Defense Forces who, in response to Egyptian President Anwar Sadat's dramatic November 1977 visit to Israel, wrote a collective letter to Prime Minister Menachem Begin, imploring him not to miss this opportunity to conclude peace with Egypt. The letter was followed by a number of large demonstrations in the streets of Tel Aviv and Jerusalem. Begin claimed that these demonstrations impressed him sufficiently to persist in his efforts to conclude the Israel-Egypt Peace Treaty the following year.

The Egyptian-Israeli agreements signed at Camp David in September 1978 provided also for further negotiations on the Palestinian question. When these negotiations, which became known as the "autonomy talks," failed - and in reaction to the massive increase of Jewish settlements in the occupied territories - Peace Now decided to focus on the struggle against the occupation in general. This decision put the movement in a direct clash with the Begin government, in opposition to the Israeli invasion of Lebanon in June 1982 and in protest against the involvement of Israeli forces in the massacre perpetrated by Lebanese Phalange militia in the Palestinian refugee camps of Sabra and Shatila in Beirut. The movement organized a number of massive demonstrations, the largest of which assembled over 250,000 demonstrators (some estimates reached 300,000 and 400,000) in the Tel Aviv Municipal Square.

The success of Peace Now in mobilizing sizable parts of the public against the war drew the attention of right-wing extremists, and Peace Now activists became targets of personal attack and abuse. On 10 February 1983, during a demonstration near the prime minister's office calling for the dismissal of Ariel Sharon as minister of defense, a hand grenade was thrown at the demonstrators, killing Peace Now activist Emil Grunzweig and wounding seven others.

Peace Now is not a membership organization. However, counting the number of signatures on recurrent petitions, financial contributions, and participation in demonstrations, the movement reached at its peak more than 200,000 supporters. In order to maintain is broad cross-party support, Peace Now has declined offers to become an established political party and run in Knesset elections. Nevertheless, a number of its leaders have become members of the Knesset and even cabinet ministers (such as Minster of Immigration Absorption Yaʿel Tamir, Minister of Industry and Commerce Ran Cohen) while belonging to other parties.

Over the years Peace Now has also been heavily involved in dialogue with Palestinians on every level, from the top leadership to meetings of youth and students, as well as in local initiatives. Peace Now was also involved in defending Palestinians whose rights were encroached on by settlers, especially in Jerusalem, where a special litigation institution called Ir Shalem was established. The well-known human-rights watch group B'Tselem was also started by activists of Peace Now.

After 1993, when the Rabin government followed, through the Oslo process, policies long advocated by Peace Now, the movement seemed to lose much of its raison d'être. But the decay of the peace process after Rabin's assassination, during the tenures of Benjamin Netanyahu and Ehud Barak, revived the movement, whose activities were concentrated during this phase primarily on public monitoring of settlement activity. The outburst of the second Palestinian Intifada after the collapse of the Camp David negotiations in July 2000 left Peace Now discouraged, and reflected a general malaise of the Israeli left. Yet with the continuous financial support of its support organizations abroad it manages to continue its activities and even attract many younger people to the ranks of its leadership. Its most recent initiative was the creation of a broadly based Coalition for Peace in which a number of Palestinian activists, led by Sari Nusayba, the chancellor of al-Quds University in Jerusalem, became active as well.

Bibliography

Aronson, Geoffrey. Israel, Palestinians and the Intifada: CreatingFacts on the West Bank. New York: Kegan Paul, 1990.

Bar-On, Mordechai. In Pursuit of Peace: A History of the IsraeliPeace Movement. Washington, DC: U.S. Institute of Peace Press, 1996.

Fernea, Elizabeth Warnock, and Hocking, Mary Evelyn, eds. The Struggle for Peace: Israelis and Palestinians. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1992.

Kaminer, Reuven. The Politics of Protest: The Israeli Peace Movement and the Palestinian Intifada. Brighton, U.K.: Sussex Academic Press, 1996.

— MORDECHAI BAR-ON

Wikipedia on Answers.com:

Peace Now

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Home > Library > Miscellaneous > Wikipedia
Peace Now
Peace Now logo.png
Founder(s) Amoz Oz[1]
Amir Peretz MK (1988-present)
Yuli Tamir MK (2003-2010)
Tzaly Reshef MK (2002-2003)[2]
Janet Aviad
Gavri Bargil[3]
Galia Golan
Type Non-profit
NGO
Founded 1978[4]
Location Tel Aviv, Jerusalem[4]
Key people Yariv Oppenheimer (General Director)[4]
Hagit Ofran (Settlement Watch Director)[4]
Area served Israel and the Israeli-occupied territories[4]
Focus Two-state solution to the Israeli–Palestinian conflict[5]
Mission "to promote peace and democracy through education of the Israeli public and concerned citizens worldwide."[4]
"to inspire the public to take part in developing initiatives that will both support long-term peace promotion and remove existing obstacles to a politically negotiated two-state solution."[4]
Method "public campaigns, advertisements, petitions, distribution of educational materials, conferences, lectures, surveys, dialogue groups, street activities, vigils, and demonstrations."[4]
Members over 10,000[4]
Website peacenow.org.il/eng

Peace Now (Hebrew: שלום עכשיו‎ Shalom Achshav, IPA: [ʃaˈlom (ʔ)aχˈʃav]) is a non-governmental organization[6] and activist group[7] in Israel with the aim of promoting a two-state solution to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.

Contents

Objectives/positions

  • Two states for two nations — Israel and Palestine
  • A Palestinian state alongside the State of Israel, based on the borders of June 1967 with land swaps agreed upon by both sides
  • Jerusalem — In an official document from 1982 Peace Now advocated for an undivided Jerusalem as Israel's capital.[8] It has since shifted its position to two capitals for two states – a solution based on demographic breakdowns with a special agreement for the Old City.
  • Peace with Syria — A peace agreement based on secure and recognized borders, and the regulation of relations between the two countries is the primary strategic issue for the people of Israel and Syria.
  • Beginning negotiations with Syria is a gateway to negotiations with Lebanon and will help create a new international mood in the region.
  • Peace Now views the settlements as a threat to the existence of Israel as a democratic and Jewish state.
  • Peace Now views the settlements as a main obstacle to any future peace agreement.
  • Peace Now views the settlements as an element that harms the State of Israel on many fronts: security, economically, morally culturally. They also harm Israel's standing in the international community.[5]

Origins

Alternative text
The open Officers' Letter presented to the Prime Minister of Israel calling upon his government to normalise relations with Egypt.

Peace Now was formed during the 1978 Israeli-Egyptian peace talks between Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin and Egyptian President Anwar Sadat at a time when the talks looked close to collapse.

348 reserve officers and soldiers from Israeli army combat units published an open letter to the Prime Minister of Israel in which they called for the Israeli government not to squander the historic opportunity for peace between the two nations.[9] The officers realised that Israel could not retain its Jewish-democratic nature whilst it continued to perpetuate its rule over one million Arabs. They concluded that Israel's security needs could only be met by the attainment of peace between Israel and its neighbours via a negotiated agreement.[9] Subsequently tens of thousands of Israelis petitioned the Israeli government in support of the letter, and as a result the movement known as Peace Now was born.

Early activism

Peace Now again came to prominence following Israel's 1982 Invasion of Lebanon, and in particular the massacre of Palestinian refugees by Christian Lebanese Phalangists at the Israeli controlled Sabra and Shatila refugee camps. On 25 September 1982 Peace Now held a mass protest in Tel Aviv on 25 September 1982 in order to pressure the government to establish a national inquiry commission to investigate the massacres, as well as calling for the resignation of the Defence Minister Ariel Sharon.[2] Peace Now's 1982 demonstration was attended by 400,000 people, approximately 10% of Israel's population at the time.[10]

Subsequently the Israeli government established the Kahan Commission on 28 September 1982. Four months later the commission found Israel to be indirectly responsible for the massacres, and recommended Ariel Sharon's resignation.

Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin at first refused to adopt the Kahan Commission's recommendations. Consequently Peace Now decided to hold a demonstration on 10 February 1983 that marched from Zion Square towards the Prime Minister's residence in Jerusalem in order to pressure the government to do so.

Emil Grunzweig

Alternative text
Emil Grunzweig (fourth from left) at the demonstration in which he was assassinated

In the wake of the Sabra and Shatila massacres, Peace Now led a march from Zion Square and moved towards the Prime Ministers' Office in Jerusalem on February 10, 1983. During the march Peace Now demonstrators encountered a group of right-wing activists. In the ensuing confrontation, Yona Avrushmi tossed a hand-grenade into the crowd, killing Emil Grunzweig, a prominent Peace Now activist, and injuring several others.[11][12][13]

Yona Avrushmi was duly arrested, convicted of murder and given a mandatory life sentence, which was commuted to 27 years by President Ezer Weizman in 1995. Avrushmi was released on 26 January 2011.[14]

As a result of mounting public pressure on Menachem Begin to adopt the Kahan Commission's recommendations, largely due to popular outrage caused by Grunzweig's murder, Ariel Sharon agreed to step down as Defence Minister. However, he remained in the government as a minister without portfolio.[15]

Peace Now and the First Intifada (1987-1993)

In 1988 Yasser Arafat (Chairman of the PLO publicly accepted United Nations Security Council Resolution 242 at the PNC in Algiers. For the first time, Yasser Arafat accepted Israel's existence according to its borders set out in United Nations General Assembly Resolution 181, and rejected and condemned the use of terrorism in all its forms. In reaction Peace Now led a demonstration of more than 100,000 people, calling for immediate Israeli-Palestinian negotiations for the purposes of attaining peace between the two parties.[16][17] Following this, Peace Now led the Hands Around Jerusalem event, in which 25,000 Israelis and Palestinians linked hands to encircle the walls of the Old City of Jerusalem in a chain of peace. [18]

In part due to the Israeli-Palestinian discourse engendered by Peace Now and its activists, Israeli Prime Minister Yitzchak Rabin and Yasser Arafat succeeded in signing the Declaration of Principles/Oslo Accords on the lawn of the White House on September 13, 1993. Peace Now was the first Israeli organisation to meet with the PLO, ata time when such an undertaking was deemed illegal by the Israeli government.[19]

The signing of the Oslo accords marked a milestone in Israeli-Palestinian relations, as for the first time both peoples recognised their counterparts right to exist. Furthermore, the Oslo Peace Process was initiated; this process was a framework for future negotiations which aimed to resolve the Israel-Palestine conflict within a five-year period according to the logic of the 'two state solution', as set-out in the UN General Assembly Resolution 181.

Peace Now wholeheartedly supported the Oslo Accords, and since then it has called upon all Israeli administrations to date to adhere to the terms of interim agreements which were agreed upon as part of the Oslo Peace Process.[4]

Peace Now and the Second Intifada (2000-2005)

Since the outbreak of the Second Intifada in December 2000, Peace Now has arguably lost a certain degree of the Israeli public's support due to the violent nature of the Second Intifada. Whilst the First Intifada was largely a popular movement on part of the Palestinian public, the Second Intifada consisted of far more violent confrontations between Palestinian militants and the IDF, Israeli settlers within the West Bank and the Gaza Strip) and Israeli civilians. According to the Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 132 Israeli individuals were killed by Palestininan milintant bomb/suicide attacks within Israel proper between 2000 and 2004.[20]

The decline in public support for Peace Now was illustrated in an IMRA commissioned poll in August 2009 which found that 41% of adult Israeli-Jewish asked agreed with the statement that "Peace Now has caused great damage to the State of Israel", while 19% disagreed. The results are not so stark when one takes into account the political party affiliation of those asked; whilst 98% of Likud voters within the research group (of 506) agreed with the above statement, 33% of Kadima and 48% of Labor voters disagreed.[21]

Despite the arguable decline in the Israeli public's support for the Oslo Peace Process, Peace Now succeeded in leading a demonstration of 100,000 people for the purposes of pressuring the government to withdraw from all Palestinian territories.[22] Shortly after the outbreak of the Second Intifada, Peace Now was instrumental in creating the Israeli Peace Coalition, which later evolved into the Israeli-Palestine Peace Coalition.[4] It mains objective is to is to end the Israeli occupation in Palestinian lands, and to achieve a just, lasting and comprehensive peace based on a two-state solution.[23]

Israel's unilateral disengagement from the Gaza Strip

Peace Now was a key advocate of Israel's 2004 Disengagement Plan. Peace Now led the 'Mate ha-Rov' ("majority camp") demonstration on May 14, 2004 in Tel Aviv, in order to pressure the Israeli government to adopt the Disengagement Plan.[24] However support for the Disengagement Plan faced contention within the Peace Now camp over its unilateral nature. Peace Now decided it was most important for Israel to withdraw from the Gaza Strip, regardless of the manner in which this withdrawal was to take place.

Settlement Watch

Settlement activity

Settlement Watch's map showing settlements in the West Bank

One of the most important activities of Peace Now is its ongoing Settlement Watch project which monitors and protests against the building of Jewish settlements in the West Bank and East Jerusalem. Dror Aktes headed this committee until 2007 when he was replaced by Hagit Ofran. The project focuses on the following issues with regards to the settlements:-

  • Physical development – Where and why are there construction and expansion activities connected to the settlements or their residents? And what are the short- and long-term implications of these activities?
  • Economy – How much do the settlements cost and who is paying for them?
  • Demography – How many settlers and how many Palestinians live in the territories? What are the demographic trends that can be pointed out today?
  • Proper management – How are decisions regarding construction and development made? What elements are responsible for planning and for the enforcement of the construction laws and regulations in the territories?
  • Environmental implications – What are the environmental implications of the settlements and the continued construction that is being undertaken there?[25]

Peace Now's Settlement Watch project has resulted in the following developments:-

  • Amona (2005) - Peace Now motioned to the Supreme Court demanding the evacuation of the settlement in Amona. Their motion was accepted and the settlement was evacuated by security forces several months later.[2]
  • Removal of all illegal West Bank settlements (March 2011) - Following a petition submitted by Peace Now to the Israeli Supreme Court, Benyamin Netanyahu's government ordered that the state dismantle all illegal West Bank outposts built on private Palestinian land by the end of 2011.[26]
  • Migron (ongoing)- Following a petition to the Israeli Supreme Court by Peace Now, the state was ordered to dismantle Migron, the largest illegal settlement outpost in the West Bank, by April 2012. This was key as this was the first time the Supreme Court had ordered the Israeli state to dismantle an outpost in the West Bank.[27]

Similarly, the movement continues activity on the ground in support of evacuation through demonstrations, vigils and other campaign activity. Activities include:-

  • Updates on settlement expansion by means of aerial photography/ground surveys
  • Publication of figures to the public and decision makers in Israel as well as around the world (American government officials often rely on data presented by Peace Now to assess the nature of Israel's various settlement programs)[28]
  • Submission of cases to the court to evacuate outposts in the West Bank.
  • Formulation and dissemination of maps/media reports (in English and Hebrew) on a tri-annual basis showing contemporaneous settlement activity in the West Bank[4][29]

Wikileaks

According to leaked documents released by WikiLeaks in April 2011, Peace Now has regularly updated both the U.S. government and the Israeli Defense Ministry on ongoing settlement construction in the West Bank.[30] The documents indicate that the Defense Ministry used Peace Now's services to monitor West Bank settlement construction.[30] In 2006, Peace Now director Yariv Oppenheimer reportedly urged the U.S. to pressure Israel into evacuating West Bank outposts, according to a leaked U.S. diplomatic cable.[30] Oppenheimer was quoted as saying that Israel might "evacuate a few outposts to show the U.S. that it is doing something, but in exchange it is trying to co-opt the settlers by retroactively approving some outposts and giving them a freer hand in building in the West Bank."[30]

Disputed information about settlements

In a report, Peace Now said that "a large proportion of the settlements built on the West Bank are built on privately owned Palestinian land," including 86.4 percent of Ma'ale Adumim's land and 35.1 percent of Ariel's. Overall, the report said, "Palestinians privately own nearly 40% of the land on which settlements have been built.".[31] This is disputed by the government, who argue it cannot have been privately owned, as it was "not under the legitimate sovereignty of any state".[32] On the specific issue of Ma'ale Adumim, Peace Now faced criticism for downgrading their estimate of the proportion built on privately owned Palestinian land from 86%, to 0.5%.[33] The group's revision was based on government information which had newly been released to them.[34]

Outreach

Israel Student Campus Project

Peace Now seeks to educate the Israeli youth on the nature of, and solution to, the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. In order to achieve this the organisation:-

  • Leads a series of open debates and 6-week 'peace courses' on campuses throughout Israel
  • Distributes brochures, maps and other such literature to students on campuses
  • Conducts monthly tours for students across the West Bank and Easy Jerusalem
  • Sponsors and directs annual 'Dialogue Workshops' with Palestinian students.[4]

Internet campaigns

Peace Now seeks to promote its various causes via an active presence on such social networking sites as Facebook. Against the background of the 'Boycott Laws' which were being passed through the Knesset(July 2011),[35] the popular Israeli internet site – 'Horim B’reshet' made a survey of the most popular Israeli protest Facebook pages, of which Peace Now's page ranked 5th.[36]

West Bank tours for opinion-makers

Peace Now aims to the educate leading decision makers on the perceived counterproductive effects the settlements have on the attainment of the two-state solution.

One such tour was conducted by Peace Now in August 2009 and attended by such figures as MKs Ophir Pines-Paz (Labor), Daniel Ben-Simon (Labor) and Chaim Oron (Meretz Chairman).[37]

Demonstrations/rallies

Peace Now organises demonstrations and rallies in support of peace and human rights:-

  • Rally Against Racism (26 February 2011) - Peace Now joined 1,500 other activists at Zion Square, Jerusalem, to protest against the spate of government policies dealing with the nature of the citizenship of Arab-Israelis living within the Israeli state; especially those forwarded by Israel's outspoken Foreign Minister Avigdor Lieberman (Yisrael Beiteinu).[38]
  • In support of a Palestinian state in the West Bank and the Gaza Strip(4 June 2011) - Peace Now joined 5000 other activists in a march in Tel Aviv, to support the Palestinian bid for UN memership as an independent state.[39]
  • Against the 'Boycott Law' (July 10, 2011) - Peace Now held a protest in Jerusalem in response to proposed Knesset legislation stating that any boycott against Israel or any group located within its territory (including Judea and Samaria/ the West Bank), would be labeled a civil offense. This law made boycotters subject to litigation and so financial penalties.[40][41] Following the passing of the boycott legislation into law, Peace Now led a campaign calling for the boycott of settlement produce.[42]
  • 'Glenn Beck go home' (24 August 2011) - In response to Glenn Beck's (an American conservative radio host) 'Restoring Courage' - tour in Israel, Peace Now activists protested outside the Jerusalem rally held by the broadcaster, claiming that his ultra-Conservative values inflamed the already tense situation with regards to the Israel and Palestine situation.[43]
  • Yitzchak Rabin Memorial Rally - Every year since former Israel Prime Minister Yitzchak Rabin's assassination (November 4, 1995), Peace Now activists take part in an annual rally in Kikar Rabin (Tel Aviv) to commemorate the statesman's life, and to issue calls in support for the re-invigoration of the Middle East Peace Process.[44]
  • In support of 'Freedom of Speech' (22 November 2011) - In response to a proposed government amendment to Israel's 'Defamation Law', which would increase the maximum compensation paid for libel violations sixfold to NIS 300,000 (roughly $80,500), regardless of proof of damages, Peace Now led a 2000 strong rally in Tel Aviv.[45][46]

'Price-Tag' attacks against Peace Now activists

Due to Peace Now's continued opposition to the development and construction of Jewish settlements in the West Bank/East Jerusalem, the organisation and several of its leading activists have been subject to 'price-tag' attacks and death-threats.

A 'price-tag' attack is defined as violent acts committed against Palestinians, Israeli security forces and/or anti-settlement organisations by pro-settlement advocates in retaliation for terrorist attacks on Israeli targets, government demolition of structures in West Bank settlements or curbs on Israeli settlement construction in the West Bank.[47]

In response to the demolition of three homes in the Migron settlement (as a result of a petition submitted to the Israeli Supreme Court by Peace Now in 2006), right-wing demonstrators spray-painted 'Price Tag Migron', 'Revenge' and 'Death to Traitors' on the entrance to the building of the head of Peace Now's 'Settlement Watch' project (Hagit Ofran)in early October 2011.[48] Following the incident, a police investigation was opened. Approximately two months later another 'price tag' attack was carried out again at Hagit Ofran's residence.[49]

At the 2011 Rabin commemoration rally in Tel Aviv, Hagit Ofran stated in reference to the recent 'price tag attacks':

"The graffiti was sprayed in my home, but the taunts are in all of our stairwells. The tag may have marked me, but we all pay the price. We must not fear. We are here, and we are many. We have a voice and we must raise it. And today we say to Benjamin Netanyahu: We are not afraid."[50]

On 6 November 2011, Peace Now's Jerusalem office received a bomb-threat. Police were called to the scene and the building was evacuated. The threat was later found to be a hoax.[51] Following a brief investigation, Jerusalem District Police arrested a 21 year old male resident of a settlement near Jerusalem who was suspected of vandalizing Peace Now offices in Jerusalem. Police also tried to ascertain whether the suspect was involved in the 'price-tag' attacks on Hagit Ofran's residence;.[47] A gag order was initially placed on the publication of his name and picture due to the “ongoing investigation” into the attacks.[52] Once the investigation had been complete the gag order remained despite the suspect not being a minor. The order also applied to details of the suspect's parents due to the politically sensitive nature of their occupation.

Despite the suspect being arrested two months previously for issuing death threats against Peace Now's Director General Yariv Oppenhimer and a bomb hoax at the organisation's Jerusalem office he was released shortly afterwards.

Following court proceedings against the suspect, he was released to house arrest and forced to wear an electronic bracelet, yet his 'price-tag' activities continued. On 27 November 2011 it was reported that the unnamed individual issued death-threats (via email) against all of Peace Now's core team from his Jerusalem house. The gag order remained.[53]

Financing by foreign governments

Peace Now has received funding from foreign states and international organizations for such projects as those which measure the expansion of Israeli settlements in the West Bank.[54] In 2008 Peace Now received ILS 935,622 from the Norwegian embassy, ILS 547,751 from the British Foreign Office, ILS 285,857 from Germany's Institut für Auslandsbeziehungen, and ILS 76,267 from the Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs.[55] According to Im Tirtzu, Peace Now received ILS 844,000 from the embassy of Norway in 2009, as well as ILS 731,000 from the United Kingdom and ILS 555,000 from the Belgian government.[8]

The Knesset passed a law in 2008 requiring Israeli organizations to publicize any foreign funding they receive. The law was aimed specifically at Peace Now.[54] In 2011, the Knesset passed a law which required organizations to report each quarter on any foreign funding they receive.[56] In November 2011, Benyamin Netanyahu's government began proceedings to introduce legislation which would place a ILS 20,000 (approx $5000) limit on what NGOs could receive from foreign governments, government-supported foundations and/or groups of governments (e.g.the EU and UN).[57] Another bill, advanced by Avigdor Lieberman's Yisrael Beiteinu party, proposed a 45% tax on foreign government donations to organizations that do not receive Israeli state funding.[58]

Individuals such as Prime Minister Benyamin Netanyahu, Foreign Minister Avigdor Lieberman and MKs Tzipi Hotovely, Ofir Akunis and Fania Kirshenbaum have supported the proposed legislation. They argue that the legislation prevents foreign governments and organizations from unduly influencing Israel's domestic affairs.[59] The legislation has encountered notable resistance from within Israel itself and abroad. The governments of the United Kingdom and the United States warned Benyamin Netanyahu that the adoption of such measures would harm Israel's standing in the West as a democratic country.[60][61][62]

Certificate of Merit for Support to IDF Reservists

Peace Now received a certificate of merit from the Israeli government and IDF for support given to IDF reserve soldiers. The certificate was issued as part of a competition which honours organizations, businesses and companies whose workers serve as reservists and are supported by their workplace. The certificate was personally signed by Ehud Barak and Chief Reserve Officer Brigadier General Shuki Ben-Anat. It read:

'For your activity and care for employees serving in reserve duty. Your activity is commendable and greatly contributes to the IDF's fortitude and the State of Israel's security."[63]

Notable supporters

Notable individuals such as American actor Leonard Nimoy, American authors Michael Chabon and Ayelet Waldman, and Israeli authors David Grossman and Amos Oz support Peace Now's objectives.[1][64][65][66] Actor Mandy Patinkin expressed his support for Peace Now during a visit to Israel in 2012.[67]

Peace Now's logo was designed by Israeli graphic designer David Tartakover in 1978.[68] The logo emerged from a poster created by Tartakover for a mass rally, held in what is now Rabin Square in Tel Aviv on April 1, 1978, titled "Peace Now."[68] It became the name of the organization, the first political bumper sticker in Israel[69][70] and it is still one of Israel's most popular stickers.[68] Tartakover, commenting in 2006, said "The movement activists liked the logo, [b]ut they thought there should also be a symbol. I told them it wasn't needed - this is the symbol. It took time until they understood that this was the first political sticker in Israel."[68]

Affliated Organisations

  • Americans for Peace Now
  • Amigos Brasileiros do Paz Agora (Brazil)
  • Argentinos Amigos de Paz Ahora (Argentina)
  • Brits for Peace Now
  • Canadian Friends of Peace Now
  • La paix maintenant (France)
  • Les Amis Belges de Shalom Archav (Belgium)

References

  1. ^ a b "Amos Oz, Israel’s Best Known Novelist and An Advocate of Middle East Peace". American Council for Judaism. http://www.acjna.org/acjna/articles_detail.aspx?id=338. Retrieved 28 November 2011. 
  2. ^ a b c "Peace Now - Knesset's Defintion". Knesset. http://www.knesset.gov.il/lexicon/eng/peace_now_eng.htm. Retrieved 16 November 2011. 
  3. ^ About Us Ameinu Retrieved 16 November 2011
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m "Who We Are". Peace Now. http://peacenow.org.il/eng/content/who-we-are. Retrieved 15 November 2011. 
  5. ^ a b "What We Stand For". Peace Now. http://peacenow.org.il/eng/content/what-we-stand. Retrieved 15 November 2011. 
  6. ^ "Peace Now in Hebron: Expel settlers from city - Israel News, Ynetnews". Ynetnews.com. 1995-06-20. http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3409006,00.html. Retrieved 2012-05-02. 
  7. ^ Warren, Stacy (2011). "Chapter 4: The Social Potential of GIS". In Nyerges, Timothy L.; Couclelis, Helen; McMaster, Robert. The SAGE Handbook of GIS and Society. London: SAGE Publications. p. 80. ISBN 978-1-4129-4645-2. http://books.google.co.il/books?id=Wfc6AlM2RW8C&pg=PA80. Retrieved 20 May 2012. 
  8. ^ a b Attali, Amihai (18 May 2012). "אם תרצו נגד שלום עכשיו: הקרב על י-ם [Im Tirtzu v. Peace Now: the battle for Jerusalem]" (in Hebrew). Nrg (Maariv). http://www.nrg.co.il/online/1/ART2/369/407.html?hp=1&cat=404. Retrieved 20 May 2012. "'לא תמיד הייתה שלום עכשיו תנועה כל כך קיצונית', נטען בסרטון, שמציג מסמך עקרונות של שלום עכשיו משנת 1982 בו נקבע כי ירושלים לא תחולק." "'הנה לדוגמא רק בשנת 2009 קיבלה שלום עכשיו 844 אלף שקל משגרירות נורבגיה, 731 אלף מבריטניה, ו-555 אלף מממשלת בלגיה.'" 
  9. ^ a b "The Officers' Letter March- 1978". Peace Now. http://peacenow.org.il/eng/content/officers-letter-march-1978. Retrieved 15 November 2011. 
  10. ^ Achievements Canadian Friends of Peace Now Retrieved 20 November 2011
  11. ^ "Thousands attend Israeli's funeral". The New York Times. 1983-02-12. http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=FA0A1FF63F5F0C718DDDAB0894DB484D81. Retrieved 2007-08-25. 
  12. ^ Shipler, David K. (1983-02-16). "A crude shrine rises at spot where bomb halted protest". The New York Times. http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F50711FD3E5F0C758DDDAB0894DB484D81. Retrieved 2007-08-25. 
  13. ^ Shipler, David K. (1984-01-29). "Israel begins to note Jewish terrorism". The New York Times. http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F40715F63D5F0C7A8EDDA80894DC484D81. Retrieved 2007-08-25. 
  14. ^ "The troubled personality of Yona Avrushmi". Jerusalem Post. 2011-01-12. http://www.jpost.com/NationalNews/Article.aspx?id=205403. Retrieved 2011-11-20. 
  15. ^ Ariel Sharon Jewish Virtual Library Retrieved 20 November 2011
  16. ^ Palestinian Declaration of Independence - 1988 Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs Retrieved 20 November 2011
  17. ^ What Is Israel's Peace Now? About.com Retrieved 20 November
  18. ^ Peace Movement in the United States Jewish Women Comprehensive Encyclopedia Retrieved 20 November 2011
  19. ^ Mitchell, Thomas. "Indispensable Traitors: Liberal Parties in Secular Conflicts". Greenwood Press, 2002, p.13
  20. ^ Suicide and Other Bombing Attacks in Israel Since the Declaration of Principles (Sept 1993) Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs Retrieved 21 November 2011
  21. ^ Poll: Peace Now has caused great damage to the State of Israel IMRA Retrieved 21 November 2011
  22. ^ Thousands rally for peace in Tel Aviv BBC News Retrieved 21 November 2011
  23. ^ Israeli Palestinian Peace Coalition (IPPC) Global Partnership for the Prevention of Armed Conflict Retrieved 21 November 2011
  24. ^ Thousands of Israelis Urge Gaza Pullout Democratic Underground Retrieved 21 November 2011
  25. ^ What is Settlement Watch Team? Peace Now Retrieved 22 November 2011
  26. ^ "Cabinet: All West Bank outposts on private Palestinian land to go by year's end". Ha'aretz. 7 March 2011. http://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/cabinet-all-west-bank-outposts-on-private-palestinian-land-to-go-by-year-s-end-1.347693. Retrieved 24 November 2011. 
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