Pesticides in New Zealand

There is a high use of pesticides in New Zealand due predominantly to the large agricultural industry.

Pesticides

1080

Sodium fluoroacetate, commonly known as 1080, is used in new Zealand to control animal pests, specifically the possum which threatens biodiversity and carries tuberculosus. Hunters fear that 1080 impacts on game animals, and some environmentalists have concerns about long term influences on drinking water.

2,4,5-T

The manufacture of 2,4,5-T in New Zealand ceased in 1987 and is no longer sold in New Zealand.^[1]

2,4-D

2,4-D is still used in New Zealand and the Pesticides Board has decided not to prohibit the use of the chemical.^[1]

DDT

DDT was used extensively for agricultural use in the 1950s and 1960s to control grass grub and porina moth. It was also used on lawns and for market gardens. Some 500 tons was being applied annually by 1959. By the 1970s its use was restricted and it was finally banned in 1989. Residues are still found in livestock and in marine mammals.

Endosulfan

The Auckland City Council stopped using endosulfan in the mid 1990s and its use was banned by the Environmental Risk Management Authority (ERMA) in December 2008 after a concerted campaign by environmental groups and the Green Party.

The non-approved use of endosulfan on cattle in 2007 led to the prosecution of a farmer and the halt of beef exports to Korea.^[2]

Testing as part of the Food Residues Surveillance Programme detects endosulfan in foods such as lettuce, strawberries and capsicum but are under 0.1 mg/kg.^[3]

In June 2008 the ERMA called for public submissions on the use of endosulfan after tighter controls had been placed on the pesticide in other countries.^[4] Submissions closed on 8 September 2008 and a total of 187 submissions were received.

The Green Party surveyed the 85 councils in New Zealand and discovered that 18 of them had used endosulfan on sports grounds in the year preceding October 2008. They claimed that New Zealand is the only country to do so and advocated for a ban on the use of endosulfan.^[5]

ERMA placed a ban on endosulfan effective from 16 January 2009.

Methyl bromide

Methyl bromide is used as a fumigant for whole logs destined for export. There has been lobbying carried out recently to stop its use due to concerns for human health.

Pesticide residue

Food

Aerial spraying programmes

Aerial spraying of West Auckland areas was carried out by the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry (MAF) to eliminate the invasive painted apple moth, a potential threat to the environment and economy. Foray 48B was sprayed over populated West Auckland areas for 29 months involving 48 discrete spray events over 70 days. After the government declined to conduct a public inquiry into the spraying, a "people's inquiry" initiated by a number of academics delivered a report critical of MAF's approach to the issue.^[6]

Rural and city areas of Hamilton were sprayed to eradicate the gypsy moth.^[7]

See also

• Environment of New Zealand
• Environmental effects of pesticides
• Gorse in New Zealand

References

Further reading

• Barnett, Sarah (5–11 May 2007). "Toxic Inheritance". New Zealand Listener. http://www.listener.co.nz/issue/3495/features/8766/toxic_inheritance.html. 

External links

• Environmental Risk Management Authority - a quasi-judicial body
• Soil & Health Association of New Zealand - an organic food and farming lobby group
• Pesticide Action Network International
• New Zealand Food Safety Authority - Endosulfan – how it is used to control insects and crops
• Lyttelton Spray Free

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