Phosphatidylinositol 3,4-bisphosphate: Information from Answers.com

General structure

Chemical structure of sn-1-stearoyl-2-arachidonoyl phosphatidylinositol (3,4)-bisphosphate

Phosphatidylinositol (3,4)-bisphosphate (PtdIns(3,4)P₂) is a minor phospholipid component of cell membranes, yet an important second messenger. The generation of PtdIns(3,4)P₂ at the plasma membrane activates a number of important cell signaling pathways.

PtdIns(3,4)P₂ is dephophosphorylated by the phosphatase PTEN on the 3 position of the inositol ring and by the TPTE (transmembrane phosphatases with tensin homology) family of phosphatases on the 4 position of the inositol ring.

The PH domain in a number of proteins binds to PtdIns(3,4)P₂ including the PH domain in PKB. The generation of PtdIns(3,4)P₂ at the plasma membrane upon the activation of class I PI 3-kinases and SHIP phosphatases causes these proteins to translocate to the plasma membrane, thereby effecting their activity.

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v • d • e Lipids: phospholipids

Glycerol backbone (Glycerophospholipids/ Phosphoglycerides)	Phosphatidyl-: -ethanolamine/cephalin - -choline/lechithin (dipalmitoyl-) - -serine - -glycerol - -inositol (glyco-) Phosphoinositides: PIP (PI(3)P, PI(4)P, PI(5)P) - PIP₂ (PI(3,4)P₂, PI(3,5)P₂, PI(4,5)P₂) - PIP₃ Cardiolipin Ether lipids: Plasmalogen (Platelet-activating factor)

Sphingosine backbone	Sphingomyelin

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