Pierre Klossowski (August 9, 1905—August 12, 2001) was a French writer, translator and artist. He was the eldest son of the artists Erich Klossowski and Baladine Klossowska, and his younger brother was the painter Balthus.
Life
Born in Paris, Pierre Klossowski was the older brother of the artist Balthazar Klossowski, better known as Balthus. Their parents were the art historian Erich Klossowski and the painter Baladine Klossowska. His father, Erich Klossowski, was a German-educated Polish noble of the Rola coat of arms. His mother, Baladine Klossowska, was born as Elisabeth Dorothea Spiro in Breslau, Prussia (now Wrocław, Poland). Although Klossowska's younger son Balthus denied their Jewish heritage, it is considered that she was born into an Orthodox Jewish family with Belarussian origins.[1]
When he was 18, Pierre was André Gide's secretary and worked on the drafts of Les faux-monnayeurs for him.
Writing
Pierre Klossowski wrote full length volumes on the Marquis de Sade and Friedrich Nietzsche, a number of essays on literary and philosophical figures, and five novels. He translated several important texts (by Virgil, Ludwig Wittgenstein, Martin Heidegger, Friedrich Hölderlin, Franz Kafka, Nietzsche, and Walter Benjamin) into French, worked on films and was also an artist, illustrating many of the scenes from his novels. Klossowski participated in most issues of George Bataille's review, Acéphale, in the late 1930s.
His 1969 book, Nietzsche and the Vicious Circle, greatly influenced French philosophers such as Michel Foucault, Gilles Deleuze, and Jean-François Lyotard.
Film
Klossowski also appeared in Robert Bresson's Au hasard Balthazar as the avaricious miller who desires Marie, a character played by Anne Wiazemsky.
He was involved in :
- Raoul Ruiz's La vocation suspendue, 1977, 90' ;
- Raoul Ruiz's L’hypothèse du tableau volé, 1979, 66' ;
- Pierre Zucca's Roberte, 1979, 100' ;
- Alain Fleischer's Pierre Klossowski ou l’éternel détour, 1996, 106'.
Drawing
From 20 September to 19 October 2006 there was a display of Klossowski's drawings and life size sculptures made after them with sculptor Jean-Paul Réti along with the art of Hans Bellmer at the Whitechapel Art Gallery also presented at the Ludwig Museum in Cologne and the Musée National d'Art Moderne in Paris with a film retrospective.[2]
References
Bibliography
| Year |
Original French |
English Translation |
| 1947 |
Sade mon prochain preceded by Le philosophe scélérat (Paris: Seuil, 1947)
Contents: Avertissement; Le philosophe scélérat. Sade mon prochain: Sade et la Révolution; Esquisse du système de Sade; Sous le masque de l'athéisme; Appendices.
|
Sade My Neighbor trans. by Alphonso Lingis (Northwestern University Press, 1991)
Contents: Translator's Introduction; Preface; The Philosopher Villain; Sade My Neighbor: Sade and the revolution; Outline of Sade's system; Under the Mask of Atheism.
|
| 1950 |
La Vocation suspendue (Paris: Gallimard, 1950) |
- |
| 1954 |
Roberte ce soir (Paris: Minuit, 1954) |
Roberte ce soir and The Revocation of the Edict of Nantes trans. by Austryn Wainhouse (Dalkey Archive Press, 2002) |
| 1956 |
Le Bain de Diane (Paris: Pauvert, 1956; Gallimard, 1980) |
Diana at Her Bath/the Women of Rome trans. by Sophie Hawkes and Stephen Sartarelli (Marsilio Publishers, 1998) ISBN 1-56886-055-2 |
| 1959 |
La Révocation de l'édit de Nantes (Paris: Minuit, 1959) |
Roberte ce soir and The Revocation of the Edict of Nantes trans. by Austryn Wainhouse (Dalkey Archive Press, 2002) |
| 1960 |
Le Souffleur ou le théâtre de société (Paris: Jean-Jacques Pauvert, 1960) |
- |
| 1963 |
Un si funeste désir (Paris: Gallimard, 1963)
Contents: Sur quelques thèmes fondamentaux de la Gaya Scienza de Nietzsche; Gide, du Bos et le démon; En marge de la correspondance de Claudel et de Gide; Préface à Un prêtre marié de Barbey d'Aurevilly; La messe de Georges Bataille; Le langage, le silence et le communisme; Sur Maurice Blanchot; Nietzsche, le polythéisme et la parodie.
|
Such a Deathly Desire trans. by Russell Ford (State University of New York Press, 2007) |
| 1965 |
Le Baphomet (Paris: Mercure de France, 1965) |
The Baphomet trans. by Sophie Hawkes and Stephen Sartarelli (Marsilio Pub, 1992) ISBN 0-941419-73-8 |
| 1965 |
Les Lois de l'hospitalité (Paris: Gallimard, 1965) (trilogy of the 'Roberte' novels: La Révocation de l'Édit de Nantes (1959), Roberte ce soir (1954), and Le Souffleur (1960)) |
Roberte ce Soir and The Revocation of the Edict of Nantes trans. by Austryn Wainhouse with introduction by Micheal Perkins (Dalkey Archive Press, 2002) |
| 1968 |
Origines Culturelles et mythiques d'un certain comportement des dames romaines (Paris: Fata Morgana, 1968) |
- |
| 1969 |
Nietzsche et le cercle vicieux (Paris: Mercure de France, 1969)
Contents: Introduction; Le combat contre la culture; Les états valétudinaires à l'origine d'une sémiotique pulsionnelle; L'expérience de l'Éternel Retour; Les états valétudinaires à l'origine des quatre critères : décadence, essor, grégarité, cas singulier; Tentative d'une explication scientifique de l'Éternel Retour; Le cercle vicieux en tant que doctrine sélective; La consultation de l'obre paternelle; La plus belle invention du malade; L'euphorie de Turin; Note additionnelle à la sémiotique de Nietzsche.
|
Nietzsche and the Vicious Circle (London: The Athlone Press, 1997, 2000 ISBN 0485 12133 6; University of Chicago Press, 1998, ISBN 0-226-44387-6;)
Contents: Translator's Preface; Introduction; 1. The Combat against Culture; 2. The Valetudinary States at the Origin of a Semiotic of Impulses; 3. The Experience of the Eternal Return; 4. The Valetudinary States at the Origin of Four Criteria: Decadence, Vigour, Gregariousness, the Singular Case; 5. Attempt at a Scientific Explanation of the Eternal Return; 6. The Vicious Circle as a Selective Doctrine; 7. The Consultation of the Paternal Shadow; 8. The Most Beautiful Invention of the Sick; 9. The Euphoria of Turin; 10. Additional Note on Nietzsche's Semiotic; Notes; Index.
|
| 1970 |
La Monnaie vivante (Paris: Éric Losfield, 1970) |
- |
| 1984 |
La Ressemblance (Marseille: André Dimanche, 1984) |
- |
| 1987 |
Les derniers travaux de Gulliver (Paris: Fata Morgana, 1987) |
- |
| 1988 |
Le Mage du Nord (Montpellier: Fata Morgana, 1988) |
- |
|
|
Posthumous publications |
|
| 2001 |
Écrits d'un monomane: Essais 1933-1939 (Paris: Gallimard, 2001) |
- |
| 2001 |
Tableaux vivants: Essais critiques 1936-1983 (Paris: Gallimard, 2001).
Contents: 1. Essais d'Acéphale: Don Juan selon Kierkegaard; Création du monde; Deux interprétations récentes de Nietzsche; Le monstre. 2. Trois amitiés: Rainer Maria Rilke et les Élégies de Duino; Pierre Jean Jouvre romancier : Catherine Crachat; Lettre sur Walter Benjamin. 3. Les règles de l'art: De Contre-Attaque à Acéphale; Explication continuée; Fragments d'une lettre à Michel Butor. 4. Du tableau vivant, en particulier: Du tableau vivant dans la peinture de Balthus; La 'Judith de Frédéric Tonnerre; On peut toujours dire que le trait...; L'on me demandait naguère pourquoi...; La description, l'argumentation, le récit...; Le geste muet du passage matériel au dessin; Du Simulacre.
|
- |
| 2001 |
L'adolescent immortel (Paris: Gallimard, 2001) |
- |
| 2003 |
La Monnaie vivante (Paris: Gallimard, 2003) |
- |
Translations
- Friedrich Sieburg, Défense du nationalisme allemand, Grasset (1933)
- Friedrich Sieburg, Robespierre, E. Flammarion (1936)
- Ludwig Wittgenstein, Tractatus logico-philosophicus suivi de Investigations philosophiques (1961)
- Martin Heidegger, Nietzsche (1971)
- Friedrich Nietzsche, Le Gai Savoir
- Walter Benjamin, L'œuvre d'art à l'époque de sa reproduction mécanisée [in consultation with the author for the first publication of the essay in 1936]
Secondary texts
- Arnaud, A., Pierre Klossowski (Paris: Seuil, 1990) ISBN 9782020114950 In French.
- Decottignies, J., Klossowski notre prochain (Paris: H. Veyrier, 1985) ISBN 9782851993779 In French.
- Decottignies, J., Pierre Klossowski. Biographie d’un monomane (Villeneuve d'Ascq: Presses Universitaires du Septentrion, 1997) ISBN 9782859395230 In French.
- Faulkner, J., “The Vision, the Riddle, and the Vicious Circle: Pierre Klossowski Reading Nietzsche’s Sick Body through Sade’s Perversion.” Textual Practice. 21[1] (March 2007): 43–69.
- Hill, Leslie, Bataille, Klossowski, Blanchot: Writing at the Limit (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001)
- James, Ian, Pierre Klossowski: The Persistence of a Name (Oxford: Legenda, 2000)
- James, Ian and Ford, Russell (guest editors), Diacritics, Special Issue: Whispers of the Flesh Essays in Memory of Pierre Klossowski, 35[1] (Spring 2005).
- Lugan-Dardigna, A.-M., Klossowski. L’homme aux simulacres (Paris: Navarin, 1986) ISBN 2-86827-044-1 In French.
- Madou, J.-P., Démons et simulacres dans l’œuvre de Pierre Klossowski (Paris: Méridiens Klincksiek, 1987) ISBN 9782865631827 In French.
- Marroni, A., Klossowski e la comunicazione artistica (Palermo: Aesthetica preprint, 39, 1993)
- Marroni, A., Pierre Klossowski. Sessualità, vizio e complotto nella filosofia (Milan: Costa & Nolan, 1999) ISBN 9788876483837
- Marroni, A. Laws of perversion and hospitality in Pierre Klossowski, "Journal of European Psychoanalysis", 25, 2007.
- Spira, Anthony, & Sarah Wilson, Pierre Klossowski (Ostfilden: Hatje Cantz Publishers, 2006) ISBN 3775717927. Exhibition Catalogue. Whitechapel Gallery London 20 September - 19 November 2006, Ludwig Museum Cologne 21 December 2006 - 18 March 2007, Musée National d'Art Moderne, Paris 2 April - 4 June 2007.
- Ubilluz, Juan Carlos, Sacred Eroticism: Georges Bataille and Pierre Klossowski in the Latin American Erotic Novel (Bucknell University Press, 2006) ISBN 0838756255
External links
