Porphyromonas gingivalis
Wikipedia on Answers.com:
Top
Porphyromonas gingivalis
| Porphyromonas gingivalis | |
|---|---|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Bacteria |
| Phylum: | Bacteroidetes |
| Class: | Bacteroidetes |
| Order: | Bacteroidales |
| Family: | Porphyromonadaceae |
| Genus: | Porphyromonas |
| Species: | P. gingivalis |
| Binomial name | |
| Porphyromonas gingivalis (Coykendall et al. 1980) Shah and Collins 1988 |
|
Porphyromonas gingivalis belongs to the phylum Bacteroidetes and is a non-motile, Gram-negative, rod-shaped, anaerobic pathogenic bacterium. It forms black colonies on blood agar.
It is found in the oral cavity, where it is implicated in certain forms of periodontal disease,[1] as well as the upper gastrointestinal tract, respiratory tract, and in the colon. Collagen degradation that is observed in chronic periodontal disease results in part from the collagenase enzymes of this species.
In patients harbouring P. gingivalis one finds high levels of specific antibody in the serum.
Additionally P. gingivalis has been linked to rheumatoid arthritis. P. gingivalis contains the PAD (Peptidyl-Arginine Deaminase) which is involved in citrullination [2]. Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis have an increased incidence of periodontal disease[citation needed] and antibodies to the bacterium are significantly more common in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.[3]
P. gingivalis is divided into K-serotypes based upon capsular antigenicity of the various types.[4]
References
- ^ Naito M, Hirakawa H, Yamashita A, et al (August 2008). "Determination of the Genome Sequence of Porphyromonas gingivalis Strain ATCC 33277 and Genomic Comparison with Strain W83 Revealed Extensive Genome Rearrangements in P. gingivalis". DNA Res. 15 (4): 215–25. doi:10.1093/dnares/dsn013. PMC 2575886. PMID 18524787. http://dnaresearch.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=18524787.
- ^ Wegner, N., Wait, R., Sroka, A., Eick, S., Nguyen, K.-A., Lundberg, K., Kinloch, A., Culshaw, S., Potempa, J. and Venables, P. J. (September 2010). "Peptidylarginine deiminase from Porphyromonas gingivalis citrullinates human fibrinogen and α-enolase: Implications for autoimmunity in rheumatoid arthritis". Arthritis & Rheumatism. 62 (9): 2662–2672. doi:10.1002/art.27552.
- ^ Ogrendik M, Kokino S, Ozdemir F, Bird PS, Hamlet S (2005). "Serum Antibodies to Oral Anaerobic Bacteria in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis". MedGenMed 7 (2): 2. PMC 1681585. PMID 16369381. http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/505458.
- ^ American Academy of Periodontology 2010 In-Service Exam, question A-85
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
This entry is from Wikipedia, the leading user-contributed encyclopedia. It may not have been reviewed by professional editors (see full disclaimer)
Post a question - any question - to the WikiAnswers community:
Copyrights:
Wikipedia on Answers.com
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article Porphyromonas gingivalis.
Read more