Preston

Preston Borough constituency
Preston shown within Lancashire, and Lancashire shown within England
Created:	1295, 1529, 1983
MP:	Mark Hendrick
Party:	Labour Co-operative
Type:	House of Commons
County:	Lancashire
EP constituency:	North West England

Preston is a borough constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It elects one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election.

Contents 1 Boundaries 1.1 Boundary review 2 Members of Parliament 2.1 1295-1640 2.2 1640-1950 2.3 1983-present 3 History 4 Election results 4.1 Elections of the 2000s 4.2 Elections of the 1990s 4.3 Elections of the 1980s 4.4 Elections of the 1940s 4.5 Elections of the 1930s 4.6 Elections of the 1920s 5 See also 6 References

Boundaries

The current seat of Preston was confirmed in time for the 1997 Election. The seat crossed the River Ribble to include Bamber Bridge and Walton-le-Dale from South Ribble District Council. Preston, which was then not a city, lost the north-eastern Fulwood area to Ribble Valley and the western areas of Ingol, Tanterton, Lea and Cottam to Fylde.

From the 1950 to the 1983 general elections, Preston was divided into the constituencies of Preston North and Preston South. In time for the 1983 general election, the boundaries on which the current seat is drawn were confirmed. From the then Preston North and South seats, all but one component - the Fulwood area - forms the unified Preston seat.

Boundary review

Following its review of parliamentary representation in Lancashire which reported in 2004, the Boundary Commission for England recommended that, in time for the next election, Preston will lose the towns of Bamber Bridge and Walton-le-Dale and gain the Preston electoral ward of Ingol. This means the electoral wards which are used to create the new constituency of Preston are all within the city council's boundaries.

• Ashton, Brookfield, Deepdale, Fishwick, Ingol, Larches, Moor Park, Ribbleton, Riversway, St George's, St Matthew's, Town Centre, Tulketh and University.

The ward of Lea is within the constituency of Fylde.

The wards of Preston Rural North, Preston Rural East and the Fulwood wards (Cadley, College, Garrison, Greyfriars and Sharoe Green) are within the constituency of Wyre and Preston North

Members of Parliament

1295-1640

• 1559: Roger Alford
• 1559: Richard Cooke
• 1571: Edward Baeshe
• 1572-1581: George Horsey
• 1597-1598: Sir John Stanhope
• 1597-1601: John Brograve
• 1604-1611: Sir Vincent Skinner
• 1604-1611: William Holte
• 1614: Henry Banaster
• 1614-1622: (Sir) Edward Mosley
• 1621-1622: Sir William Pooley

This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.

1640-1950

Year		First member	First party		Second member	Second party
November 1640		Richard Shuttleworth	Parliamentarian		Thomas Standish	Parliamentarian
November 1642				Standish died November 1642 - seat vacant
1645					William Langton
December 1648	Shuttleworth excluded in Pride's Purge - seat vacant			Langton not recorded as sitting after Pride's Purge
1653	Preston was unrepresented in the Barebones Parliament
1654		Colonel Richard Shuttleworth		Preston had only one seat in the First and Second Parliaments of the Protectorate
1656
January 1659					Colonel Richard Standish
May 1659	Not represented in the restored Rump
April 1660		Alexander Rigby			Richard Standish
August 1660		Edward Rigby			Edward Fleetwood
1661					Geoffrey Rishton
1667					John Otway
February 1679					Sir Robert Carr
April 1679					Sir John Otway
1681		Sir Robert Carr			Sir Gervase Elwes
April 1685		Sir Thomas Chicheley [1]			Edward Fleetwood
June 1685		Hon. Andrew Newport	Tory
1689		James Stanley			Thomas Patten
March 1690		Lord Willoughby de Eresby			Christopher Greenfield
December 1690		Sir Edward Chisenhall
1695		Sir Thomas Stanley			Thomas Molyneux
1698		Henry Ashhurst
January 1701					Edward Rigby
December 1701					Thomas Molyneux
1702		Charles Zedenno Stanley			Sir Cyril Wyche
1705		Francis Annesley			Edward Rigby
1706					Arthur Maynwaring
1708		Henry Fleetwood
1710					Sir Henry Hoghton
1713					Edward Southwell
1715					Sir Henry Hoghton
1722		Daniel Pulteney			Thomas Hesketh
1727					Sir Henry Hoghton
1732		Nicholas Fazackerley
1741					James Shuttleworth
1754					Edmund Starkie
1767		Sir Peter Byrne Leicester
April 1768 [2]					Sir Frank Standish
November 1768		Brigadier John Burgoyne [3]	Whig		Sir Henry Hoghton	Tory
1792		William Cunliffe Shawe
1795					Sir Henry Philip Hoghton	Whig
1796		Lord Stanley	Whig
1802					John Horrocks	Tory
1804					Samuel Horrocks	Tory
1812		Edmund Hornby	Whig
1826		Hon. Edward Geoffrey Smith Stanley	Whig		John Wood	Whig
1830		Henry Hunt	Radical
1832		(Sir) Peter Hesketh-Fleetwood	Conservative		Hon. Henry Stanley	Whig
1837					Robert Townley Parker	Conservative
1841			Whig		Sir George Strickland	Whig
1847		Charles Pascoe Grenfell	Whig
1852		Robert Townley Parker	Conservative
1857		Charles Pascoe Grenfell	Liberal		Richard Assheton Cross	Conservative
1862					Sir Thomas Hesketh [4]	Conservative
1865		Hon. Frederick Stanley	Conservative
1868		Edward Hermon	Conservative
1872					(Sir) John Holker	Conservative
1881		William Farrer Ecroyd	Conservative
February 1882					Henry Cecil Raikes	Conservative
November 1882					(Sir) William Tomlinson [5]	Conservative
1885		Robert William Hanbury	Conservative
1903		John Kerr	Conservative
1906		John Thomas Macpherson	Labour		Harold Cox	Liberal
January 1910		Major the Hon. George Stanley	Conservative		Alfred Aspinall Tobin	Conservative
1915					Urban H. Broughton	Conservative
1918					Thomas Shaw	Labour
1922		James Philip Hodge	Liberal
1924		Alfred Ravenscroft Kennedy	Conservative
1929		Sir William Jowitt	Liberal
1929 by-election			Labour
1931		Adrian Charles Moreing	Conservative		William Kirkpatrick	Conservative
1936					Edward Charles Cobb	Conservative
1940		Randolph Churchill	Conservative
1945		John William Sunderland	Labour		Samuel Segal	Labour
1946 by-election		Edward Shackleton	Labour

1983-present

Election		Member	Party
	1983	Stanley Thorne	Labour
	1987	Audrey Wise	Labour
	2000	Mark Hendrick	Labour Co-operative

History

The borough and now city of Preston has been represented by Labour MPs since 1983. The former Preston North and Preston South seats were amongst the most marginal in the country - in 1979, Robert Atkins won Preston North by 29 votes for the Conservatives.

With the suburban and "small c" conservative Fulwood area within Ribble Valley and from 2009 Wyre and Preston North constituencies, the southern portion has awarded MPs with much healthier and secure majorities. Almost all of Preston's representatives up to the creation of two constituencies in 1946, and since its recreation as a single constituency in 1983, have been Labour candidates.

In 1997, Audrey Wise secured a majority of over 18,000. The collapse of the Conservative vote - 10 percentage points down from 1992 - was firmly with the pattern of the Tory fortunes in that year.

The death of Audrey Wise in 2000 triggered a by-election. In the Preston by-election, former Member of the European Parliament (MEP) for the Lancashire Central constituency, with Preston at its heart, Mark Hendrick secured a victory with a 4,400 majority. The surprise of the night was the result of the fledgling Socialist Alliance, for whom Terry Cartright saved his deposit.

Less than a year later, the 2001 general election returned Mark Hendrick with a much healthier 12,200 majority, up against South Ribble councillor Graham O'Hare for the Conservatives and local Liberal Democrat leader Bill Chadwick. In real terms, all three main parties lost support from 1997 - Labour down by over 8,000 votes, Conservatives reduced by over 2,200 and LibDems 2,300 lower. One notable candidate in 2001 was David Braid, also a candidate in a number of other seats that year, who had been the "Battle for Britain" candidate in the previous year's by-election.

The 2005 general election election was notable for the changes in share of the vote of the minor parties. The first ever Respect candidate, local councillor Michael Lavalette, firmly saved his deposit with nearly 7% of the vote. The Liberal Democrats, who had chosen former Conservative County Councillor William Parkinson, had their best result since 1997. Fiona Bryce, for the Conservatives, remained in second place and saw her share of the vote remain stable despite the United Kingdom Independence Party (UKIP) polling over 1,000 votes. These results meant that Mark Hendrick secured another term as MP, but his vote number was 3,000 less than 2001 and 12,000 less than Audrey Wise in 1997.

Boundary changes to be put in place for the next election remove Bamber Bridge and Walton-le-Dale from the constituency, and bring in the city council ward of Ingol. The South Ribble elements are Labour/Tory dogfight wards, whilst Ingol has a LibDem/Tory preference. These moves should cancel each other out, ultimately helping Labour, but it should be remembered that local factors can be more important than boundary reviews in fighting elections.

Election results

Confirmed candidates for the next UK general election[6][7]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	UKIP	Pat Gaskell
	Labour Co-op	Mark Hendrick
	Liberal Democrat	Mark Jewell
	Conservative	Nerissa Warner-O'Neill
	Independent	Valerie Wise

Elections of the 2000s

General Election 2005: Preston
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour Co-op	Mark Hendrick	17,210	50.5	-6.5
	Conservative	Fiona Bryce	7,803	22.9	-0.1
	Liberal Democrat	William Parkinson	5,701	16.7	+3.5
	Respect	Michael Lavalette	2,318	6.8	N/A
	UKIP	Ellen Boardman	1,049	3.1	N/A
Majority			9,407	21.6
Turnout			34,081	53.8	+4.6
	Labour Co-op hold		Swing	-3.2

General Election 2001: Preston
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour Co-op	Mark Hendrick	20,540	57.0	-3.8
	Conservative	Graham O’Hare	8,272	23.0	+1.0
	Liberal Democrat	Bill Chadwick	4,746	13.2	-1.5
	Independent	Bilal Patel	1,241	3.4	N/A
	Green	Richard Merrick	1,019	2.8	N/A
	Independent	David Braid	223	0.6	N/A
Majority			12,268	34.0
Turnout			36,041	49.2	-16.6
	Labour Co-op hold		Swing

Preston by-election, 2000
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour Co-op	Mark Hendrick	9,765	45.7	- 15.1
	Conservative	Graham O'Hare	5,339	25.0	+ 3.1
	Liberal Democrat	Bill Chadwick	3,454	16.2	+ 1.5
	Socialist Alliance	Terry Cartwright	1,210	5.7	N/A
	UKIP	Gregg Beaman	458	2.1	N/A
	Green	John Ashforth	441	2.1	N/A
	Independent	Peter Garrett	416	2.0	N/A
	BNP	Chris Jackson	229	1.1	N/A
	Independent	David Franklin-Braid	51	0.2	N/A
Majority
Turnout				29.4
	Labour Co-op hold		Swing

Elections of the 1990s

General Election 1997: Preston
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	Audrey Wise	29,220	60.8	+6.5
	Conservative	Paul Gray	10,540	21.9	-5.9
	Liberal Democrat	Bill Chadwick	7,045	14.7	-2.5
	Referendum Party	John Porter	924	1.9	N/A
	Natural Law	John Ashforth	345	0.7	+0.0
Majority
Turnout
	Labour hold		Swing

General Election 1992: Preston
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	Audrey Wise	24,983	54.3	+1.8
	Conservative	S G O'Toole	12,808	27.8	-0.7
	Liberal Democrat	William Chadwick	7,897	17.2
	Natural Law	J Aycliffe	341	0.7
Majority			12,175	26.5	+2.5
Turnout			46,029	71.7	+0.7
	Labour hold		Swing

Elections of the 1980s

General Election 1987: Preston
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	Audrey Wise	23,341	52.5	5.8
	Conservative	R T Chandran	12,696	28.5	-3.3
	Liberal	J P Wright	8,452	19.0
Majority			10,645	24.0	+9.1
Turnout			44,489	71.0	-0.8
	Labour hold		Swing

General Election 1983: Preston
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	Stanley Thorne	21,810	46.7
	Conservative	T N Huntley	17,832	31.8
	Social Democrat	M J Connolly	10,039	21.5
Majority			6,978	14.9
Turnout			46,681	71.8
	Labour hold		Swing

Elections of the 1940s

(See Preston by-election, 1946)

In 1940, Conservative candidate Randolph Churchill was election unopposed on the death of Conservative MP A.C Moreing

General Election 1945: Preston (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	S Segal	33,053	24.2
	Labour	J W Sunderland	32,889	24.1
	Conservative	Randolph Churchill	29,129	21.4
	Conservative	J Amery	27,885	20.4
	Liberal	J Toulmin	8,251	6.1
	Communist	P J Devine	5,168	3.8
Majority			3,760	2.7
Turnout				77.0
	Labour hold		Swing

Elections of the 1930s

(See Preston by-election, 1936)

General Election 1935: Preston (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	A C Moreing	37,219	26.9
	Conservative	W M Kirkpatrick	36,797	26.7
	Labour	R A Lyster	32,225	23.3
	Labour	R L Reiss	31,827	23.1
Majority			4,572	3.4
Turnout				81.9
	Conservative hold		Swing

General Election 1931: Preston (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	W M Kirkpatrick	46,276	32.5
	Conservative	A C Moreing	45,843	32.2
	Labour	T Shaw	25,710	18.0
	Labour	E Porter	24,660	17.3
Majority			20,133	14.2
Turnout				84.6

Elections of the 1920s

(See Preston by-election, 1929)

General Election 1929: Preston (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	T Shaw	37,705	29.5
	Liberal	W Jowitt	31,277	24.4
	Conservative	A B Howitt	29,116	22.8
	Conservative	C Emmott	27,754	21.7
	Independent Labour	S Holden	2,111	1.6
Majority			8,589	6.7
Turnout				78.2

See also

• List of Parliamentary constituencies in Lancashire

v • d • e Constituencies in North West England Labour Ashton-under-Lyne · Barrow and Furness · Birkenhead · Blackburn · Blackpool North and Fleetwood · Blackpool South · Bolton North East · Bolton South East · Bolton West · Bootle · Burnley · Bury North · Bury South · Carlisle · Chorley · City of Chester · Copeland · Crosby · Denton and Reddish · Eccles · Ellesmere Port and Neston · Halton · Heywood and Middleton · Hyndburn · Knowsley North and Sefton East · Knowsley South · Leigh · Liverpool Garston · Liverpool Riverside · Liverpool Walton · Liverpool Wavertree · Makerfield · Manchester Blackley · Manchester Central · Manchester Gorton · Morecambe and Lunesdale · Oldham East and Saddleworth · Oldham West and Royton · Pendle · Preston · Rossendale and Darwen · Salford · South Ribble · St Helens North · St Helens South · Stalybridge and Hyde · Stockport · Stretford and Urmston · Wallasey · Warrington North · Warrington South · Weaver Vale · West Lancashire · Wigan · Wirral South · Wirral West · Workington · Worsley · Wythenshawe and Sale East Conservative Altrincham and Sale West · Congleton · Crewe and Nantwich · Eddisbury · Fylde · Lancaster and Wyre · Macclesfield · Penrith and The Border · Ribble Valley · Tatton Liberal Democrat Cheadle · Hazel Grove · Manchester Withington · Rochdale · Southport · Westmorland and Lonsdale Independent Liverpool West Derby North West European constituency: Conservative (3) · Labour (2) · UKIP (1) · Liberal Democrats (1) · BNP (1)

References

• Robert Beatson, A Chronological Register of Both Houses of Parliament (London: Longman, Hurst, Res & Orme, 1807) [2]
• D Brunton & D H Pennington, Members of the Long Parliament (London: George Allen & Unwin, 1954)
• Cobbett's Parliamentary history of England, from the Norman Conquest in 1066 to the year 1803 (London: Thomas Hansard, 1808) [3]
• The Constitutional Year Book for 1913 (London: National Union of Conservative and Unionist Associations, 1913)
• F W S Craig, British Parliamentary Election Results 1832-1885 (2nd edition, Aldershot: Parliamentary Research Services, 1989)
• F W S Craig, British Parliamentary Election Results 1918-1949 (Glasgow: Political Reference Publications, 1969)
• Maija Jansson (ed.), Proceedings in Parliament, 1614 (House of Commons) (Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society, 1988)
• J E Neale, The Elizabethan House of Commons (London: Jonathan Cape, 1949)
• J Holladay Philbin, Parliamentary Representation 1832 - England and Wales (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1965)
• Henry Stooks Smith, The Parliaments of England from 1715 to 1847 (2nd edition, edited by FWS Craig - Chichester: Parliamentary Reference Publications, 1973)
• Leigh Rayment's Historical List of MPs