Princess Beatrice of the United Kingdom
| Princess Beatrice | |
|---|---|
| Princess Henry of Battenberg | |
 |
|
| Spouse | Prince Henry of Battenberg |
| Issue | |
| Alexander Mountbatten, Marquess of
Carisbrooke Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg Lord Leopold Mountbatten Prince Maurice of Battenberg |
|
| Full name | |
| Beatrice Mary Victoria Theodora | |
| Titles | |
| HRH The Princess Beatrice HRH Princess Henry of Battenberg HRH The Princess Beatrice |
|
| Royal house | House of Hesse |
| Father | Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha |
| Mother | Victoria |
| Born | 14 April 1857 Buckingham Palace, London |
| Baptised | 16 June 1857 Buckingham Palace, London |
| Died | 26 October 1944 (aged 87) Brantridge Park, Sussex |
| Burial | 3 November 1944 St George's Chapel, Windsor |
The Princess Beatrice (Beatrice Mary Victoria Feodore; 14 April 1857 – 26 October 1944) was a member of the British Royal Family, the fifth daughter and youngest child of Queen Victoria, famous for editing the journals and diaries of Queen Victoria after her death. From her marriage in 1885 until 1917 she was known as Princess Henry of Battenberg. She is the great-grandmother of the current King of Spain, Juan Carlos I.
Early life
Princess Beatrice was born on 14 April 1857, at Buckingham Palace, London. Her mother was the reigning British monarch, Queen Victoria, the only daughter of King George III's fourth eldest son, Prince Edward Augustus, Duke of Kent. Her father was Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha. As the daughter of the sovereign, Beatrice was styled Her Royal Highness from birth. She was baptised in the Private Chapel of Buckingham Palace on 16 June 1857 by John Bird Sumner, Archbishop of Canterbury and her godparents were the Duchess of Kent, the Princess Royal and her sister's fiancé Prince Friedrich William of Prussia.
Her father, the Prince Consort, died when she was only four years old and the griefstricken Queen clung to her youngest child. Nicknamed "Baby" by the Queen, the princess became a good pianist; some of her compositions were later published. Her chief occupation, however, was to act as her mother's secretary and companion, a role she fulfilled until Queen Victoria's death on 22 January 1901. She was linked romantically with Napoleon Eugene, Prince Imperial, who was killed in the Anglo-Zulu War in an ambush.
Marriage
On 23 July 1885, Princess Beatrice married Prince Henry of Battenberg (5 October 1858 - 20 January 1896), the third son of Prince Alexander of Hesse and by Rhine (1823-1888) by his morganatic marriage to Julie Therese, Countess von Hauke (1825-1895), the daughter of a Polish politician, at St. Mildred's Church, Whippingham on the Isle of Wight[1]
Queen Victoria gave her blessing to the marriage on the condition that the couple made their home with her. His elder brother, Prince Louis of Battenberg, had married Princess Victoria of Hesse and the Rhine, a granddaughter of Queen Victoria and a niece of Princess Beatrice, a year earlier. On the day of his wedding, the Queen granted Prince Henry the style Royal Highness, a style that was in effect only in Great Britain, not Hesse and by Rhine, where the prince was a Serene Highness.
Beatrice and Henry had four children, all raised in the United Kingdom. By Royal Warrant of 13 December 1886, the Queen granted the children the style Highness. This style was in effect only in Great Britain and not Hesse and by Rhine, where as children of Prince Henry they were only entitled to the style Serene Highness:
Princess Henry of Battenberg
After her marriage, Princess Beatrice styled herself with her husband's name and title but with her style Her Royal Highness and became Her Royal Highness Princess Henry of Battenberg. The couple lived with the Queen at Windsor Castle and Balmoral Castle in Scotland. The Queen appointed Prince Henry Governor of Isle of Wight, a position later taken on by Beatrice in later life.
Prince Henry of Battenberg died in 1896 of a fever he contracted while on active military duty in the second Ashanti War, leaving Beatrice a widow at the age of 38.
When Queen Victoria died, the Princess went to live in Osborne Cottage and carried out her duties as governor of the Isle of Wight, a position she inherited from her husband. In 1914, she moved to Carisbrooke Castle, but maintained an apartment in Kensington Palace as her London home.
Queen Victoria's Journals
Before she died, Queen Victoria requested that Beatrice edit her journals and diaries before they were to be archived and published. As the Queen had been keeping a journal since her early years, the task was enormous and Beatrice spent the next thirty years editing her mother's journals. In doing so, she followed Queen Victoria's instruction to remove anything that might cause pain to persons mentioned or to her relatives. The Princess transcribed the text in her own handwriting and burned the originals. She finished the task in 1931 and the 111 volumes of Queen Victoria's edited journals are at the Royal Archives at Windsor Castle.
House of Windsor
| British Royalty |
|---|
|
|
 |
| Descendants of Victoria & Albert |
| Victoria, Princess Royal |
| Edward VII |
| Princess Alice |
| Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg & Gotha |
| Princess Helena |
| Princess Louise |
| Arthur, Duke of Connaught |
| Leopold, Duke of Albany |
| Princess Beatrice |
In July 1917 anti-German feeling during World War I led King George V to change the name of the Royal House
from the
In January 1919, George V created Princess Beatrice a Dame Grand Cross of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire (G.B.E.), in recognition for her role as president of the Isle of Wight branch of the British Red Cross Society. She was created a Dame Grand Cross of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem in 1927 and a Dame Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order (G.C.V.O.) in 1937.
Death
Princess Beatrice died at her wartime home, Brantridge Park, Balcombe, Sussex, on 26 October 1944. Her funeral took place at St. George's Chapel, Windsor on 3 November, followed by internment at the royal tomb house. Her remains were transferred later to the Battenberg Chapel at St Mildred's Church[1] on the Isle of Wight on 28 August 1945. She was the last surviving child of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert.
Titles, styles, honours and arms
| Styles
of HRH The Princess Beatrice |
|
| Reference style | Her Royal Highness |
| Spoken style | Your Royal Highness |
| Alternative style | Ma'am |
Titles
- 1857-1885: Her Royal Highness The Princess Beatrice
- 1885-1917: Her Royal Highness Princess Henry of Battenberg
- 1917-1944: Her Royal Highness The Princess Beatrice
Honours
- Order of Victoria and Albert
- Order of the Crown of India
- Royal Victorian Order
Order of the British Empire - Royal Red Cross
Ancestors
Issue
| Name | Birth | Death | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alexander Mountbatten, Marquess of Carisbrooke | 3 November 1886 | 23 February 1960 | married, 1917 Irene Denison (4 July 1890-16 July 1956); had issue |
| Victoria Eugénie, Queen of Spain | 24 October 1887 | 15 April 1969 | married, 1906, King Alfonso XIII of Spain (17 May 1886-28 February 1941); had issue |
| Lord Leopold Mountbatten | 21 May 1889 | 23 April 1922 | |
| Prince Maurice of Battenberg | 3 October 1891 | 27 October 1914 | KIA during World War I. |
Notes
- ^ Her bridesmaids were The Princess Louise, Maud and Victoria of Wales, Marie, Victoria Melita and Alexandra of Edinburgh, Irene and Alice of Hesse and by Rhine and Marie Louise and Helena Victoria of Schleswig-Holstein
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