PRKAG2
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PRKAG2
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PRKAG2 gene.[1][2][3]
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Contents
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Function
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a heterotrimeric protein composed of a catalytic alpha subunit, a noncatalytic beta subunit, and a noncatalytic regulatory gamma subunit. Various forms of each of these subunits exist, encoded by different genes. AMPK is an important energy-sensing enzyme that monitors cellular energy status and functions by inactivating key enzymes involved in regulating de novo biosynthesis of fatty acid and cholesterol. This gene is a member of the AMPK gamma subunit family and encodes a protein with four CBS domains. Mutations in this gene have been associated with ventricular pre-excitation (Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome), progressive conduction system disease and cardiac hypertrophy. Alternate transcriptional splice variants, encoding different isoforms, have been characterized.[3]
Interactions
PRKAG2 has been shown to interact with PRKAB2[4] and PRKAB1.[4]
References
- ^ Stapleton D, Mitchelhill KI, Gao G, Widmer J, Michell BJ, Teh T, House CM, Fernandez CS, Cox T, Witters LA, Kemp BE (February 1996). "Mammalian AMP-activated protein kinase subfamily". J Biol Chem 271 (2): 611–4. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.2.611. PMID 8557660.
- ^ Gao G, Fernandez CS, Stapleton D, Auster AS, Widmer J, Dyck JR, Kemp BE, Witters LA (June 1996). "Non-catalytic beta- and gamma-subunit isoforms of the 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase". J Biol Chem 271 (15): 8675–81. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.15.8675. PMID 8621499.
- ^ a b "Entrez Gene: PRKAG2 protein kinase, AMP-activated, gamma 2 non-catalytic subunit". http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=51422.
- ^ a b Cheung, P C; Salt I P, Davies S P, Hardie D G, Carling D (March 2000). "Characterization of AMP-activated protein kinase gamma-subunit isoforms and their role in AMP binding". Biochem. J. (ENGLAND) 346 Pt 3: 659–69. doi:10.1042/0264-6021:3460659. ISSN 0264-6021. PMC 1220898. PMID 10698692. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1220898.
Further reading
- Gollob MH, Green MS, Tang AS, Roberts R (2002). "PRKAG2 cardiac syndrome: familial ventricular preexcitation, conduction system disease, and cardiac hypertrophy.". Curr. Opin. Cardiol. 17 (3): 229–34. doi:10.1097/00001573-200205000-00004. PMID 12015471.
- Gollob MH (2003). "Glycogen storage disease as a unifying mechanism of disease in the PRKAG2 cardiac syndrome.". Biochem. Soc. Trans. 31 (Pt 1): 228–31. doi:10.1042/BST0310228. PMID 12546691.
- Ofir M, Hochhauser E, Vidne BA, et al. (2007). "[AMP-activated protein kinase: how a mistake in energy gauge causes glycogen storage]". Harefuah 146 (10): 770–5, 813–4. PMID 17990392.
- Hofmann B, Nishanian P, Baldwin RL, et al. (1991). "HIV inhibits the early steps of lymphocyte activation, including initiation of inositol phospholipid metabolism.". J. Immunol. 145 (11): 3699–705. PMID 1978848.
- MacRae CA, Ghaisas N, Kass S, et al. (1995). "Familial Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome maps to a locus on chromosome 7q3.". J. Clin. Invest. 96 (3): 1216–20. doi:10.1172/JCI118154. PMC 185741. PMID 7657794. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=185741.
- Hofmann B, Nishanian P, Nguyen T, et al. (1993). "Human immunodeficiency virus proteins induce the inhibitory cAMP/protein kinase A pathway in normal lymphocytes.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 90 (14): 6676–80. doi:10.1073/pnas.90.14.6676. PMC 46995. PMID 7688126. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=46995.
- Hofmann B, Nishanian P, Fan J, et al. (1994). "HIV Gag p17 protein impairs proliferation of normal lymphocytes in vitro.". AIDS 8 (7): 1016–7. doi:10.1097/00002030-199407000-00025. PMID 7946090.
- Swingler S, Gallay P, Camaur D, et al. (1997). "The Nef protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 enhances serine phosphorylation of the viral matrix.". J. Virol. 71 (6): 4372–7. PMC 191654. PMID 9151826. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=191654.
- Stapleton D, Woollatt E, Mitchelhill KI, et al. (1997). "AMP-activated protein kinase isoenzyme family: subunit structure and chromosomal location.". FEBS Lett. 409 (3): 452–6. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(97)00569-3. PMID 9224708.
- Chen P, Mayne M, Power C, Nath A (1997). "The Tat protein of HIV-1 induces tumor necrosis factor-alpha production. Implications for HIV-1-associated neurological diseases.". J. Biol. Chem. 272 (36): 22385–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.36.22385. PMID 9278385.
- Zidovetzki R, Wang JL, Chen P, et al. (1998). "Human immunodeficiency virus Tat protein induces interleukin 6 mRNA expression in human brain endothelial cells via protein kinase C- and cAMP-dependent protein kinase pathways.". AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 14 (10): 825–33. doi:10.1089/aid.1998.14.825. PMID 9671211.
- Mayne M, Bratanich AC, Chen P, et al. (1998). "HIV-1 tat molecular diversity and induction of TNF-alpha: implications for HIV-induced neurological disease.". Neuroimmunomodulation 5 (3-4): 184–92. doi:10.1159/000026336. PMID 9730685.
- "Toward a complete human genome sequence.". Genome Res. 8 (11): 1097–108. 1999. doi:10.1101/gr.8.11.1097. PMID 9847074.
- Cheung PC, Salt IP, Davies SP, et al. (2000). "Characterization of AMP-activated protein kinase gamma-subunit isoforms and their role in AMP binding.". Biochem. J. 346 Pt 3: 659–69. doi:10.1042/0264-6021:3460659. PMC 1220898. PMID 10698692. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1220898.
- Lang T, Yu L, Tu Q, et al. (2001). "Molecular cloning, genomic organization, and mapping of PRKAG2, a heart abundant gamma2 subunit of 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase, to human chromosome 7q36.". Genomics 70 (2): 258–63. doi:10.1006/geno.2000.6376. PMID 11112354.
- Blair E, Redwood C, Ashrafian H, et al. (2001). "Mutations in the gamma(2) subunit of AMP-activated protein kinase cause familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: evidence for the central role of energy compromise in disease pathogenesis.". Hum. Mol. Genet. 10 (11): 1215–20. doi:10.1093/hmg/10.11.1215. PMID 11371514.
- Gollob MH, Green MS, Tang AS, et al. (2001). "Identification of a gene responsible for familial Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome.". N. Engl. J. Med. 344 (24): 1823–31. doi:10.1056/NEJM200106143442403. PMID 11407343.
- Hamilton SR, Stapleton D, O'Donnell JB, et al. (2001). "An activating mutation in the gamma1 subunit of the AMP-activated protein kinase.". FEBS Lett. 500 (3): 163–8. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(01)02602-3. PMID 11445078.
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