proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation

Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) includes a variety of stretching techniques designed to improve flexibility. Usually an isometric (static) contraction is followed by an isotonic contraction or a passive stretch. An example is described below:▪ Tense the muscles at the top of your thigh (quadriceps) by pushing your leg against a resistance produced by your partner. This isometric contraction is followed by your partner passively stretching the hamstring muscles by raising the leg to, or even just beyond, the end point of the normal range.

There is some dispute about the effectiveness of PNF. Many coaches believe it is a good way of improving flexibility if both the subject and partner are well trained in the technique. Unfortunately, if the partner is overzealous there is a high risk of joint and muscle injury.

An effective stretching technique for increasing the range of motion of joints. All PNF procedures require a partner and involve some pattern of alternating contraction and relaxation of the muscles being stretched so that the Golgi tendon organs are stimulated.