Proteinase 3 also known as PRTN3 is an enzyme which in humans is encoded by the PRTN3 gene.[1]
Function
PRTN3 is a serine protease enzyme expressed mainly in neutrophil granulocytes. Its exact role in the function of the neutrophil is unknown but in human neutrophils proteinase 3 contributes to the proteolytic generation of antimicrobial peptides. It is also the epitope of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCAs) of the cANCA (cytoplasmic subtype) class, a type of antibody frequently found in the disease Wegener's granulomatosis.[2]
References
- ^ Campanelli D, Melchior M, Fu Y, Nakata M, Shuman H, Nathan C, Gabay JE (December 1990). "Cloning of cDNA for proteinase 3: a serine protease, antibiotic, and autoantigen from human neutrophils". J. Exp. Med. 172 (6): 1709–15. doi:10.1084/jem.172.6.1709. PMID 2258701.
- ^ van der Geld YM, Limburg PC, Kallenberg CG (February 2001). "Proteinase 3, Wegener's autoantigen: from gene to antigen". J. Leukoc. Biol. 69 (2): 177–90. PMID 11272267. http://www.jleukbio.org/cgi/content/abstract/69/2/177.
Further reading
- Watorek E, Boratyńska M, Klinger M (2004). "Wegener's granulomatosis--autoimmunity to neutrophil proteinase 3.". Arch. Immunol. Ther. Exp. (Warsz.) 51 (3): 157–67. PMID 12894870.
- Sørensen OE, Follin P, Johnsen AK, "et al." (2001). "Human cathelicidin, hCAP-18, is processed to the antimicrobial peptide LL-37 by extracellular cleavage with proteinase 3". Blood 97 (12): 3951–9. doi:10.1182/blood.V97.12.3951. PMID 11389039.
- van der Helm-van Mil AH, Huizinga TW, de Vries RR, Toes RE (2007). "Emerging patterns of risk factor make-up enable subclassification of rheumatoid arthritis.". Arthritis Rheum. 56 (6): 1728–35. doi:10.1002/art.22716. PMID 17534941.
- Sturrock AB, Franklin KF, Rao G, et al. (1992). "Structure, chromosomal assignment, and expression of the gene for proteinase-3. The Wegener's granulomatosis autoantigen.". J. Biol. Chem. 267 (29): 21193–9. PMID 1400430.
- Zimmer M, Medcalf RL, Fink TM, et al. (1992). "Three human elastase-like genes coordinately expressed in the myelomonocyte lineage are organized as a single genetic locus on 19pter.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 89 (17): 8215–9. doi:10.1073/pnas.89.17.8215. PMID 1518849.
- Labbaye C, Musette P, Cayre YE (1991). "Wegener autoantigen and myeloblastin are encoded by a single mRNA.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 88 (20): 9253–6. doi:10.1073/pnas.88.20.9253. PMID 1681549.
- Lüdemann J, Utecht B, Gross WL (1990). "Anti-neutrophil cytoplasm antibodies in Wegener's granulomatosis recognize an elastinolytic enzyme.". J. Exp. Med. 171 (1): 357–62. doi:10.1084/jem.171.1.357. PMID 1688612.
- Musette P, Labbaye C, Dorner MH, et al. (1991). "Wegener's autoantigen and leukemia.". Blood 77 (6): 1398–9. PMID 2001463.
- Rao NV, Wehner NG, Marshall BC, et al. (1991). "Characterization of proteinase-3 (PR-3), a neutrophil serine proteinase. Structural and functional properties.". J. Biol. Chem. 266 (15): 9540–8. PMID 2033050.
- Ohlsson K, Linder C, Rosengren M (1990). "Monoclonal antibodies specific for neutrophil proteinase 4. Production and use for isolation of the enzyme.". Biol. Chem. Hoppe-Seyler 371 (7): 549–55. PMID 2121162.
- Gupta SK, Niles JL, McCluskey RT, Arnaout MA (1990). "Identity of Wegener's autoantigen (p29) with proteinase 3 and myeloblastin.". Blood 76 (10): 2162. PMID 2242436.
- Campanelli D, Melchior M, Fu Y, et al. (1991). "Cloning of cDNA for proteinase 3: a serine protease, antibiotic, and autoantigen from human neutrophils.". J. Exp. Med. 172 (6): 1709–15. doi:10.1084/jem.172.6.1709. PMID 2258701.
- Goldschmeding R, Dolman KM, van den Ende ME, et al. (1991). "The relation of 29 kD C-ANCA antigen to proteinase 3.". APMIS Suppl. 19: 26–7. PMID 2285532.
- Jenne DE, Tschopp J, Lüdemann J, et al. (1990). "Wegener's autoantigen decoded.". Nature 346 (6284): 520. doi:10.1038/346520a0. PMID 2377228.
- Wilde CG, Snable JL, Griffith JE, Scott RW (1990). "Characterization of two azurphil granule proteases with active-site homology to neutrophil elastase.". J. Biol. Chem. 265 (4): 2038–41. PMID 2404977.
- Gabay JE, Scott RW, Campanelli D, et al. (1989). "Antibiotic proteins of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 86 (14): 5610–4. doi:10.1073/pnas.86.14.5610. PMID 2501794.
- Bories D, Raynal MC, Solomon DH, et al. (1990). "Down-regulation of a serine protease, myeloblastin, causes growth arrest and differentiation of promyelocytic leukemia cells.". Cell 59 (6): 959–68. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(89)90752-6. PMID 2598267.
- Niles JL, McCluskey RT, Ahmad MF, Arnaout MA (1989). "Wegener's granulomatosis autoantigen is a novel neutrophil serine proteinase.". Blood 74 (6): 1888–93. PMID 2679910.
- Pontremoli S, Melloni E, Michetti M, et al. (1986). "Cytolytic effects of neutrophils: role for a membrane-bound neutral proteinase.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 83 (6): 1685–9. doi:10.1073/pnas.83.6.1685. PMID 3513185.
- Sugimori T, Cooley J, Hoidal JR, Remold-O'Donnell E (1995). "Inhibitory properties of recombinant human monocyte/neutrophil elastase inhibitor.". Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 13 (3): 314–22. PMID 7654387.
- Muller-Bérat N, Minowada J, Tsuji-Takayama K, et al. (1994). "The phylogeny of proteinase 3/myeloblastin, the autoantigen in Wegener's granulomatosis, and myeloperoxidase as shown by immunohistochemical studies on human leukemic cell lines.". Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol. 70 (1): 51–9. doi:10.1006/clin.1994.1010. PMID 8261669.
External links
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Endopeptidases: serine proteases/serine endopeptidases (EC 3.4.21) |
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factors: Thrombin · Factor VIIa · Factor IXa · Factor Xa · Factor XIa · Factor XIIa · Kallikrein ( PSA, KLK1, KLK2, KLK3, KLK4, KLK5, KLK6, KLK7, KLK8, KLK9, KLK10, KLK11, KLK12, KLK13, KLK14, KLK15)
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