Proto-Polynesian is the hypothetical proto-language from which all modern Polynesian languages descend.
|
Polynesian sound correspondences |
| Phoneme |
Proto-Polynesian |
Tongan |
Niuean |
Sāmoan |
Rapa Nui |
Tahitian |
Māori |
Rarotongan |
S. Marquesan |
Hawaiian |
English |
| /ŋ/ |
*taŋata |
tangata |
tangata |
tagata |
tangata |
taʻata |
tangata |
tangata |
ʻenata |
kanaka |
man |
| /s/ |
*sina |
hina |
hina |
sina |
hina |
hinahina |
hina |
ʻina |
|
hina |
grey-haired |
| /h/ |
*kanahe |
kanahe |
kanahe |
ʻanae |
|
ʻanae |
kanae |
kanae |
|
ʻanae |
mullet |
| /t/ |
*tiale |
siale |
tiale |
tiale |
tiare |
tiare |
tīare |
tiare |
|
kiele |
flower |
| /k/ |
*waka |
vaka |
vaka |
vaʻa |
vaka |
vaʻa |
waka |
vaka |
vaka |
waʻa |
canoe |
| /f/ |
*fafine |
fafine |
fifine |
fafine |
hahine |
vahine |
wahine |
vaʻine |
vehine |
wahine |
woman |
| /ʔ/ |
*matuqa[1] |
motuʻa |
motua |
matua |
matuʻa |
metua |
matua |
metua, matua |
motua |
makua |
parent |
| /r/ |
*rua |
ua |
ua |
lua |
rua |
rua[2] |
rua |
rua |
ʻua |
lua |
two |
| /l/ |
*tolu |
tolu |
tolu |
tolu |
toru |
toru |
toru |
toru |
toʻu |
kolu |
three |
Notes
- ^ Glottal stop is represented as 'q' in reconstructed Proto-Polynesian words.
- ^ Archaic: the usual word in today's Tahitian is piti, due to changes from the piʻi phenomenon, for which see the article on Tahitian language.
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