Psychomotor agitation: Information from Answers.com

Psychomotor agitation
Classification and external resources
ICD-9	308.2
MeSH	D011595

Psychomotor agitation is a series of unintentional and purposeless motions that stem from mental tension and anxiety of an individual. This includes pacing around a room, wringing one's hands, pulling off clothing and putting it back on and other similar actions. In more severe cases, the motions may become harmful to the individual, such as ripping, tearing or chewing at the skin around one's fingernails or lips to the point of bleeding. Psychomotor agitation is a symptom typically found in Major depressive disorder or OCD(obsession compulsive disorder), and sometimes the manic phase in bipolar disorder, although it can also be a result of an excess intake of stimulants. The middle aged and the elderly are more at risk to express this condition.

Some worldwide scientific studies have shown that Music Therapy may be useful in helping agitated patients. ^[1]^[2]

Notes

^ Remington, Ruth, "Calming Music and Hand Massage With Agitated Elderly", Nursing Research 51(5): 317-323, September/October 2002.
^ Tuet, R.W.K.; Lam, L.C.W. (September 2006) "A preliminary study of the effects of music therapy on agitation in Chinese patients with dementia", Hong Kong Journal of Psychiatry, Volume 16, Number 3

References

External links

Psychomotor Agitation - Bipolar Disorder Symptoms

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Mental and behavioral disorders (F · 290–319)

Neurological/symptomatic

Dementia (Alzheimer's disease, multi-infarct dementia, Pick's disease, Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease, Huntington's disease, Parkinson's disease, AIDS dementia complex, Frontotemporal dementia, Sundowning, Wandering) · Delirium · Post-concussion syndrome · Organic brain syndrome

Psychoactive substance/
substance abuse/
drug abuse/
substance-related disorder

alcohol (acute alcohol intoxication, drunkenness, alcohol dependence, alcoholic hallucinosis, Alcohol withdrawal, delirium tremens, Korsakoff's syndrome, alcohol abuse) · opioids (opioid overdose, opioid dependency) · sedative/hypnotic (benzodiazepine overdose, benzodiazepine dependence, benzodiazepine withdrawal) · cocaine (cocaine dependence) · general (Intoxication/Drug overdose, Physical dependence, Rebound effect, Withdrawal)

Schizophrenia, schizotypal
and delusional

Psychosis (Schizoaffective disorder, Schizophreniform disorder, Brief reactive psychosis) · Schizophrenia (Disorganized schizophrenia, Delusional disorder, Folie à deux) · Personality disorder (Schizotypal personality disorder)

Mood (affective)

Mania · Bipolar disorder (Bipolar I, Bipolar II, Cyclothymia) · Depression (Major depressive disorder, Dysthymia, Seasonal affective disorder, Atypical)

Neurotic, stress-related
and somatoform

Physiological/physical
behavioral

Adult personality
and behavior

Personality disorder · Impulse control disorder (Kleptomania, Trichotillomania, Pyromania) · Factitious disorder (Munchausen syndrome) · Sexual maturation disorder · Ego-dystonic sexual orientation · Sexual relationship disorder · Paraphilia (Voyeurism, Fetishism)

Mental disorders
diagnosed in childhood

Mental retardation

X-Linked mental retardation (Lujan-Fryns syndrome)

Psychological development
(developmental disorder)

Specific	speech and language (expressive language disorder, aphasia, expressive aphasia, receptive aphasia, Landau–Kleffner syndrome, lisp) · Scholastic skills (dyslexia, dysgraphia, Gerstmann syndrome) · Motor function (developmental dyspraxia)

Pervasive	Autism · Rett syndrome · Asperger syndrome

Behavioral and emotional

ADHD · Conduct disorder (ODD) · emotional disorder (Separation anxiety disorder) · social functioning (Selective mutism, RAD, DAD) · Tic disorder (Tourette syndrome) · Speech (Stuttering, Cluttering) · Movement disorder (Stereotypic)

psychology navs: mental processes, disorders, symptoms/signs, speech/voice, psychotherapy

Pathology of the nervous system, primarily CNS (G00–G47, 320–349)

Brain/
encephalopathy

Inflammatory

Encephalitis (Viral encephalitis, Herpesviral encephalitis) · Cavernous sinus thrombosis · Brain abscess (Amoebic)

Degenerative

Demyelinating

autoimmune (Multiple sclerosis, Neuromyelitis optica, Schilder's disease) · hereditary (Adrenoleukodystrophy, Alexander, Canavan, Krabbe, ML, Pelizaeus-Merzbacher, VWM, MFC, CAMFAK syndrome) · Central pontine myelinolysis · Marchiafava-Bignami disease · Alpers'

Episodic/
paroxysmal

CSF

Intracranial hypertension (Hydrocephalus/Normal pressure, Idiopathic intracranial hypertension) · Cerebral edema · Intracranial hypotension

Other

Brain herniation · Reye's · Hepatic encephalopathy · Toxic encephalopathy

Spinal cord/
myelopathy

Inflammatory	Myelitis: Poliomyelitis · Demyelinating disease (Transverse myelitis) · Tropical spastic paraparesis

Other	Syringomyelia · Syringobulbia · Morvan's syndrome · Vascular myelopathy (Foix-Alajouanine syndrome) · Spinal cord compression

Both/either

Inflammatory

Encephalomyelitis (Acute disseminated)

Meningitis/Arachnoiditis: Bacterial (Tuberculous, Haemophilus, Pneumococcal) · Viral (Herpesviral) · Fungal (Cryptococcal) · Aseptic (Drug-induced)

Meningoencephalitis

Systemic atrophies

SA	Friedreich's ataxia · Ataxia telangiectasia

MND	UMN only: PLS · PP · HSP LMN only: PMA · PBP (Fazio-Londe, Infantile progressive bulbar palsy) · SMA (SMN-linked, Kennedy disease, SMAX2, DSMA1) both: ALS

central nervous system navs: anat/physio/dev, noncongen/congen/neoplasia, symptoms+signs/eponymous, proc

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