PTPRU
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Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase U is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PTPRU gene.[1][2][3]
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are known to be signaling molecules that regulate a variety of cellular processes including cell growth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncogenic transformation. This PTP possesses an extracellular region, a single transmembrane region, and two tandem intracellular catalytic domains, and thus represents a receptor-type PTP. The extracellular region contains a meprin-A5 antigen-PTP (MAM) domain, Ig-like and fibronectin type III-like repeats. This PTP was thought to play roles in cell-cell recognition and adhesion. Studies of the similar gene in mice suggested the role of this PTP in early neural development. The expression of this gene was reported to be regulated by phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) or calcium ionophore in Jurkat T lymphoma cells. Three alternatively spliced transcript variants, which encode distinct proteins, have been reported.[3]
References
- ^ Wang H, Lian Z, Lerch MM, Chen Z, Xie W, Ullrich A (Sep 1996). "Characterization of PCP-2, a novel receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase of the MAM domain family". Oncogene 12 (12): 2555–62. PMID 8700514.
- ^ Avraham S, London R, Tulloch GA, Ellis M, Fu Y, Jiang S, White RA, Painter C, Steinberger AA, Avraham H (Feb 1998). "Characterization and chromosomal localization of PTPRO, a novel receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase, expressed in hematopoietic stem cells". Gene 204 (1–2): 5–16. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00420-4. PMID 9434160.
- ^ a b "Entrez Gene: PTPRU protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, U". http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=10076.
Further reading
- Crossland S, Smith PD, Crompton MR (1996). "Molecular cloning and characterization of PTP pi, a novel receptor-like protein-tyrosine phosphatase". Biochem. J. 319 (Pt 1): 249–54. PMC 1217761. PMID 8870675. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1217761.
- Bonaldo MF, Lennon G, Soares MB (1997). "Normalization and subtraction: two approaches to facilitate gene discovery". Genome Res. 6 (9): 791–806. doi:10.1101/gr.6.9.791. PMID 8889548.
- Wang B, Kishihara K, Zhang D, et al. (1997). "Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel human receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase gene, hPTP-J: down-regulation of gene expression by PMA and calcium ionophore in Jurkat T lymphoma cells". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 231 (1): 77–81. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1997.6004. PMID 9070223.
- Lin BZ, Pilch PF, Kandror KV (1997). "Sortilin is a major protein component of Glut4-containing vesicles". J. Biol. Chem. 272 (39): 24145–7. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.39.24145. PMID 9305862.
- Serra-Pagès C, Medley QG, Tang M, et al. (1998). "Liprins, a family of LAR transmembrane protein-tyrosine phosphatase-interacting proteins". J. Biol. Chem. 273 (25): 15611–20. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.25.15611. PMID 9624153.
- Luo Y, Denker BM (1999). "Interaction of heterotrimeric G protein Galphao with Purkinje cell protein-2. Evidence for a novel nucleotide exchange factor". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (16): 10685–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.16.10685. PMID 10196137.
- Wang B, Kishihara K, Zhang D, et al. (1999). "Transcriptional regulation of a receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase gene hPTP-J by PKC-mediated signaling pathways in Jurkat and Molt-4 T lymphoma cells". Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1450 (3): 331–40. doi:10.1016/S0167-4889(99)00064-6. PMID 10395944.
- Taniguchi Y, London R, Schinkmann K, et al. (1999). "The receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase, PTP-RO, is upregulated during megakaryocyte differentiation and Is associated with the c-Kit receptor". Blood 94 (2): 539–49. PMID 10397721.
- Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=139241.
- Yan HX, He YQ, Dong H, et al. (2003). "Physical and functional interaction between receptor-like protein tyrosine phosphatase PCP-2 and beta-catenin". Biochemistry 41 (52): 15854–60. doi:10.1021/bi026095u. PMID 12501215.
- Amoui M, Baylink DJ, Tillman JB, Lau KH (2004). "Expression of a structurally unique osteoclastic protein-tyrosine phosphatase is driven by an alternative intronic, cell type-specific promoter". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (45): 44273–80. doi:10.1074/jbc.M303933200. PMID 12949066.
- Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039.
- Brandenberger R, Wei H, Zhang S, et al. (2005). "Transcriptome characterization elucidates signaling networks that control human ES cell growth and differentiation". Nat. Biotechnol. 22 (6): 707–16. doi:10.1038/nbt971. PMID 15146197.
- Willard FS, McCudden CR, Siderovski DP (2006). "G-protein alpha subunit interaction and guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor activity of the dual GoLoco motif protein PCP-2 (Purkinje cell protein-2)". Cell. Signal. 18 (8): 1226–34. doi:10.1016/j.cellsig.2005.10.003. PMID 16298104.
- Hirakawa M, Tsuruya K, Yotsueda H, et al. (2006). "Expression of synaptopodin and GLEPP1 as markers of steroid responsiveness in primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis". Life Sci. 79 (8): 757–63. doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2006.02.031. PMID 16564554.
- Yan HX, Yang W, Zhang R, et al. (2006). "Protein-tyrosine phosphatase PCP-2 inhibits beta-catenin signaling and increases E-cadherin-dependent cell adhesion". J. Biol. Chem. 281 (22): 15423–33. doi:10.1074/jbc.M602607200. PMID 16574648.
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