| Details | |
|---|---|
| Date and time: | 4 March 1989 |
| Location: | Purley |
| Rail line: | Brighton Main Line (Network SouthEast) |
| Cause | Signal passed at danger |
| Statistics | |
| Trains: | 2 |
| Deaths: | 5 |
| Injuries: | 94 |
| List of UK rail accidents by year List of UK rail accidents by death toll |
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The Purley station rail crash was a train accident on the British railway system that occurred just to the north of Purley railway station in the London Borough of Croydon on Saturday 4 March 1989, leaving five dead and 94 injured.
The 12:50 from Horsham (a four-car Class 423 unit[1]) had stopped at the station and then crossed to the fast line, when the 12:17 from Littlehampton (comprising two four-car Class 421 units[1]) ran through a red signal (SPAD) into the back of it. Five coaches left the track and came off the embankment, so that they had to be recovered by road.
Contents |
Cause
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Wikinews has related news: UK train driver cleared of manslaughter over 1989 rail collision |
The cause was one which had led to many collisions over the last 150 years; the driver missed a warning signal in advance so that there was insufficient time to stop when he saw the red signal. He would have received an AWS warning, but the audible warning was the same for double yellow, yellow and red signals. As a result, on these busy lines, drivers are constantly cancelling AWS warnings and it becomes routine habit. The problem had been recognised for many years but no technical solution had been found at reasonable cost.
A notable feature of the accident was that the driver, Robert Morgan, pleaded guilty to manslaughter and sentenced to 12 months in prison plus 6 months suspended, despite the known deficiency of the AWS system. He had an exemplary record over 22 years, but became the only driver in UK railway history to be imprisoned for such an error. Media pressure was intense following the previous year's accident at Clapham Junction.
The driver's sentence was later cut to four months upon appeal, and on 12 December 2007 his convictions for manslaughter were overturned by the Court of Appeal, ruling the conviction "unsafe". Lord Latham commented in his judgement that "something about the infrastructure of this particular junction was causing mistakes to be made" due to new evidence showing that there had been four previous SPADs at the same location in the five years prior to the rail crash.[2]
Robert Morgan drowned in a boating accident on the Isle of Wight's River Medina on 21 March 2009, aged 66.[3]
Preventing recurrence
This accident illustrates the limitations of the British Rail Automatic Warning System which has to be cancelled by the driver as a matter of habit, and does not differentiate between a signal showing a preliminary warning and a signal at danger. When working normally, the newer Train Protection & Warning System (TPWS) always applies the brakes if a fitted signal is passed at 'danger'.
The approach to Purley station on the Up Fast line is made on a tightening left hand bend which prevents advance sighting of the junction where the accident occurred. Following the Purley crash, the two signals immediately to the rear of the crash site were configured to be double blocked. This arrangement remains today.
References
- ^ a b British Railway Disasters publ Ian Allan in 1996
- ^ Rail crash convictions overturned, BBC News, 12 December 2007
- ^ http://www.dailyecho.co.uk/news/4237494.Man_cleared_of_manslaughter_dies_in_sailing_accident
Hall, Stanley (1991). Danger on the Line. Ian Allan.
Vaughan, Adrian (2000). Tracks to Disaster. Ian Allan.
Vic Mitchell and Keith Smith, Caterham and Tattenham Corner. Middleton Press, 1994. ISBN 1-873793-25-1 (includes photograph of a coach being lifted by crane).
External links
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