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| Qaboos bin Said Al Said قابوس بن سعيد آل سعيد |
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| Sultan of Oman | |
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| Reign | 23 July 1970 – present |
| Born | 18 November 1940 |
| Birthplace | Salalah, Oman |
| Predecessor | Sa‘id ibn Taymur |
| Royal House | Al Bu Sa‘id |
| Father | Sa‘id ibn Taymur |
| Mother | Mazwon bint Ahmad |
| Religious beliefs | Ibadi Islam |
Qaboos bin Said Al Said (Arabic: قابوس بن سعيد آل سعيد; Qābūs ibn Sa’īd Āl Sa’īd; born 18 November 1940 in Salalah[1]) is the Sultan of Oman. He rose to power after overthrowing his father, Sa‘id ibn Taymur, in a palace coup in 1970. He is the 14th descendant of the Al Bu Sa‘idi dynasty.[2]
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Rise to power
For six years prior to Said bin Taymur's overthrow, Qaboos experienced virtual house arrest in the royal palace of Salalah. In July 1970, soldiers supporting Qaboos clashed with forces loyal to Said bin Taymur, and deposed him.[3] Qaboos maintains that his father abdicated the throne.[4] The British government helped to consolidate Qaboos' power.
Qaboos acceded to the throne on 1970-07-23, moving to Muscat. There he declared that the country would no longer be known as Muscat and Oman, but would change its name to "the Sultanate of Oman" in order to better reflect its political unity.
The first pressing problem that Qaboos bin Said faced as Sultan was an armed communist insurgency from South Yemen, the Dhofar Rebellion (1965–1975). The Sultanate eventually defeated the incursion with help from Iran, Jordanian troops sent from his friend the late King Hussein of Jordan, British special forces, and the Royal Air Force.
Reign as Sultan
The political system which Qaboos established is that of an absolute monarchy. Unlike the situation in neighboring Saudi Arabia, Qaboos' decisions are not subject to modification by other members of Oman's sultanic family. Government decisions are said to be made through a process of decision-making by "consensus" with federal, provincial, local and tribal representatives, though critics allege that Qaboos exercises de facto control of this process.[citation needed] Qaboos also regularly engages in tours of his realm, in which any citizen with a grievance or request is allowed to appeal to the sultan in person. Critics claim these meetings to be scripted as well.[citation needed]
More recently, Qaboos has allowed parliamentary elections (in which women have voted and stood as candidates) and pledged greater openness and participation in government. As yet, however, this parliament lacks substantial political power.
Qaboos' supporters point to his relative success in governing the country. By Persian Gulf standards, Oman boasts good public order (it is an extremely safe country), middling prosperity (given its level of oil revenues) and a relatively permissive society.[citation needed] Since he acceded to the throne, Oman has broadened international relations, allowed newspapers, established high schools, built highways, opened hotels and shopping malls and spends a substantial portion of its dwindling oil revenues on health care and education.[4] Full democracy, they say, might threaten these accomplishments.[citation needed]
In 1998, Qaboos ibn Sa‘id was presented with the International Peace Award by the National Council on US-Arab Relations[citation needed]. He also forges and maintains good relations with other Arab States and partners in the Persian Gulf Cooperation Council (PGCC).[citation needed]
Succession
Unlike the heads of other Persian Gulf Arab states, Qaboos ibn Sa‘id has not publicly named an heir. Article 6 of the constitution actually provides that the Ruling Family Council chooses the successor after the throne becomes vacant, and that the sultan's preference, to be expressed in an official letter (which Qaboos says has already been sealed and delivered to the defence minister), is only resorted to in the event of lack of familial consensus.
Qaboos ibn Sa‘id has no children and has three sisters; there are other male members of the Omani royal family including several paternal uncles and their families. Using primogeniture the successor to Qaboos would appear to be the children of his late uncle, His Royal Highness Prince Tariq bin Taimur Al-Said, The Former, First and only Prime Minister in Oman's history. [2].
Honours
Qaboos holds the following ranks:[5]
- Field Marshal, Royal Army of Oman
- Admiral of the Fleet, Royal Navy of Oman
- Marshal of the Royal Air Force of Oman
- Supreme Commander, Royal Oman Police
- General (honorary), British Army
See also
References
- ^ Al Bu Sa'id, Qaboos (1940–) - Personal history, Biographical highlights, Personal chronology, Influences and contributions, The world’s perspective, Legacy
- ^ "Qaboos bin Said". Webster's Concise Encyclopedia. 1. New York: Gramercy Books. 1998. pp. 520.
- ^ Oman: The Death of the Last Feudal Arab State
- ^ a b Trofimov, Yaroslavth (2001-12-14). "Oman has oil, but it had no orchestra". Wall Street Journal: p. A6.
- ^ [1]
External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Qaboos bin Said al Said |
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Qaboos bin Said al Said
House of Al Bu Sa‘idi
Born: 18 November 1940 |
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| Regnal titles | ||
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| Preceded by Sa‘id ibn Taymur |
Sultan of Oman 23 July 1970 – present |
Incumbent |
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