Quadratic

In mathematics, the term quadratic describes something that pertains to squares, to the operation of squaring, to terms of the second degree, or equations or formulas that involve such terms. Quadratus is Latin for square.

Mathematics

Algebra (elementary and abstract)

• Quadratic equation, a polynomial equation of degree 2
• Quadratic function, a polynomial function of degree 2
• Quadratic polynomial, a polynomial that contains terms of at most second degree. Complex quadratic polynomials are particularly interesting for their sometimes chaotic properties under iteration. The set of zeroes of a quadratic polynomial in two or more variables is called a quadric.
• Quadratic field, an algebraic number field of degree two over the field of rational numbers
• Quadratic irrational or "quadratic surd", an irrational number that is a root of a quadratic polynomial

Calculus

• Quadratic integral, the integral of the reciprocal of a second-degree polynomial

Statistics and stochastics

• Quadratic form (statistics), scalar quantity ε'Λε for a n-dimensional square matrix
• Quadratic mean, the square root of the mean of the squares of the data
• Quadratic variation, in stochastics, useful for the analysis of Brownian motion and martingales

Number theory

• Quadratic reciprocity, a theorem from number theory
• Quadratic residue, an integer that is a square modulo n
• Quadratic sieve, a modern integer factorization algorithm

Other

• Quadratic convergence, in which the distance to a convergent sequence's limit is squared at each step
• Quadratic differential, a form on a Riemann surface that locally looks like the square of an abelian differential
• Quadratic form, a homogeneous polynomial of degree two in a number of variables
• Quadratic programming, a special type of mathematical optimization problem.
• Quadratic growth, an asymptotic growth rate proportional to a quadratic function
• Periodic points of complex quadratic mappings, a type of graph that can be used to explore stability in control systems

Computer science

• Quadratic probing, a scheme in computer programming for resolving collisions in hash tables.
• Quadratic classifier, used in machine learning to separate measurements of two or more classes of objects

Other

• Quadratic (collection), a 1953 collection of science fiction novels by Olaf Stapledon and Murray Leinster

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