Radical criticism

Radical Criticism is a movement around the late 19th century that, typically, denied authentic authorship of the Pauline epistles. This went beyond the higher criticism of the Tübingen school which (with the exception of Bruno Bauer) held that a core of at least four epistles had been written by Paul of Tarsus in the 1st century.

The Dutch school

The Dutch school of radical criticism started in 1878 with a publication by Allard Pierson, who denied Pauline authorship of Galatians. He was fiercely attacked by his colleague A.D. Loman, but two years later also Loman abandoned the historicity of Paul. Similarly, W.C. van Manen, who had written a doctoral thesis defending the authenticity of 1 Thessalonians, wrote in 1889 that he had come to the same conclusions as Loman. Also the philosopher G.J.P.J. Bolland was a part of this movement.^[1] With the death of Van Manen's student G.A. van den Bergh van Eysinga in 1957, this line of scholarship at Dutch universities came to an end.

The Dutch school influenced Edwin Johnson ("Antiqua Mater: A Study of Christian Origins", 1887) in England, Rudolf Steck in Switzerland, and Arthur Drews in Germany. However, the works of Adolf Harnack proved more influential, and radical criticism was almost forgotten until it was unearthed by the Journal of Higher Criticism in the United States.

References

1. ^ Arthur Drews (1926). "Dutch Radicalism". The Denial of the Historicity of Jesus in Past and Present (summary in English). http://www.egodeath.com/drewshistorymythiconlyjesus.htm#_Toc51777080. 

External links

• Hermann Detering's Radikal Kritik site (in German, limited English pages available)
• Article by Hermann Detering for Institute for Higher Critical Studies

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