(medicine) Surgical removal of the breast, subcutaneous fat, muscle, lymph glands, and a wide area of skin for cancer.
| Sci-Tech Dictionary: radical mastectomy |
(medicine) Surgical removal of the breast, subcutaneous fat, muscle, lymph glands, and a wide area of skin for cancer.
| 5min Related Video: Radical mastectomy |
| Medical Dictionary: radical mastectomy |
| WordNet: radical mastectomy |
The noun has one meaning:
Meaning #1:
removal of a breast and the underlying muscles (pectoralis major and pectoralis minor) and lymph nodes in the adjacent armpit
| Wikipedia: Radical mastectomy |
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Radical mastectomy is a surgical procedure in which the breast, underlying chest muscle (including pectoralis major and pectoralis minor), and lymph nodes of the axilla are removed as a treatment for breast cancer.
It was developed and first performed by William Stewart Halsted in 1882. From about 1895 to the mid-1970s about 90% of the women being treated for breast cancer in the US underwent the radical mastectomy. This is a very morbid surgery and is not performed except in extreme cases.
Technique
Incision :
(1) elliptical skin incision ( mayer's incision ) including akin , nipple and areola overlying the tumour extending 5 c.m around tumour
(2) linear incision extending from coracoid process of scapula down to midline below xiphoid process.
Steps :
(1) Elevate skin flaps ( upward - downward - medially - laterally )
(2) Remove : skin areola nipple, all breast tissue , Clavi-pectoral fascia, pectoralis major ( sternal head only ), pectoralis minor muscle, rotor lymph nodes and axillary lumph nodes - fat - fascia
(3)structures preserved: Clavicular head of pectoralis major , nerve to serratus anterior ( long thoracic nerve of pell ) and nerve to latissmus dorsi ( can be sacrificed if surrounded by infiltrated lymph nodes )
Disadvantages : ugly scar (psychologically ) and weakness of upper limb
Today, there are three main categories of mastectomy:
Modified radical mastectomy either pattey's operation or Auchincloss operation
(1) Pattey's Operation as Radical mastectomy with preservation of sternal head of pectoralis major muscle with complete axillary dissection
(2) Auchincloss Operation as Radical mastectomy with preservation of sternal head of pectoralis major muscle and preservation of pectoralis minor muscle with incomplete axillary dissection
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