Ratlam
Ratlam (rətläm'), city (1991 pop. 195,776), Madhya Pradesh state, E central India, on the Mumbai-Delhi RR. Capital of the former state of Ratlam, the town is a district administrative center and a market for grains, cotton, and oilseed. Manufactures include pottery and textiles. There are also milling industries. Ratlam stands c.1,580 ft (482 m) above sea level.
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Ratlam
This article is about the municipality in Madhya Pradesh, India. For its namesake district, see Ratlam District.
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| Ratlam, रतलाम | |
| — city — | |
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| Coordinates | 23°19′N 75°04′E / 23.32°N 75.07°ECoordinates: 23°19′N 75°04′E / 23.32°N 75.07°E |
| Former name | Ratnapuri |
| Country | India |
| Region | Malwa |
| State | Madhya Pradesh |
| District(s) | Ratlam |
| Population • Metro |
273,892 (2011[update]) • 264,810 |
| Official languages | Malwi Hindi English |
|---|---|
| Time zone | IST (UTC+05:30) |
| Climate • Precipitation |
Humid subtropical climate (Köppen) • 937 mm (36.9 in) |
| Website | www.ratlam.nic.in/ |
Ratlam 
pronunciation (help·info) (Hindi: रतलाम), known historically as Ratnapuri, is a city in the northwestern part of the Malwa region in Madhya Pradesh state of central India. The city of Ratlam lies 1,575 feet (480 meters) above sea level. It is the administrative headquarters of Ratlam district, which was created in 1947 after the independence of India.[1]
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Contents
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History
Early history
Ratlam was given to Ratan Singh Rathore as a gift by Shah Jahan. Shah Jahan loved watching elephant fights and therefore held an event, choosing his favorite war elephants and inviting all the clans of Rajputana (present-day Rajasthan) to watch. From the Rathore clan, Ratan Singh was chosen. At the beginning of the festival, one of the elephants went berserk and headed towards Shah Jahan. No one in the crowd was brave enough to move to protect him. Everyone feared for their own lives and fled except Ratan Singh, who swiftly mounted the elephant. With his sword, Singh stabbed the elephant in its head and killed it. Shah Jahan saw this and was so impressed by his bravery that he gave him the entire state of Ratlam, proclaiming him as the king.
Commercial history
Founded by Captain Borthwick in 1829, Ratlam was one of the first commercial cities established in Central India. The city quickly became known for trading in opium, tobacco, and salt, as well as for its bargains called "Sattas". Before the opening of the Rajputana State Railway to Khandwa in 1872, there was no better place to trade than in Ratlam.[1]
Princely history
Main article: Ratlam State
Ratlam was a princely state in British India, part of Malwa agency of Central India. For a long period of time, the Ratlam region was under rule of the Rathore clan. The rulers were Suryavansha Rathores to which Maharaja of Jodhpur, Bikaner and Kishangarh belonged. The first Ruler was the Maharaja Ratan Singh, he married 12 wives (amongst others), including Maharani Sukhroopde Kanwar Shekhawat Ji Sahiba, daughter of Kunwar Purshottam Das of Jhajhar (Shekhawati) in Rajasthan. She committed sati in 1658. The state had an area of 902 sq. mi., which was closely interlaced with the territories of the princely states of Sailana, Semaliya, and Kanwas. In 1901, Ratlam State had a population of 83,773, with the city population of 36,321. The state had an estimated revenue of INR34,000 and paid a INR2,850 tribute.
Geography
Ratlam is located at coordinates: 23°19′0″N 75°04′0″E / 23.316667°N 75.066667°E (23.316667, 75.066667).
The city has an area of 15.13 square miles (39.19 km²).
Climate
Ratlam, like most of Madhya Pradesh, has a transitional climate between a tropical savanna (Köppen climate classification Aw) and a humid subtropical climate (Cfa) zone. Three distinct seasons are observed: summer, monsoon and winter. Summers start in mid-March and can be extremely hot from April through June. Highs can reach 112 °F (44 °C), although the humidity is extremely low. The monsoon season starts in late June, with temperatures averaging around 100 °F (38 °C), with sustained, torrential rainfall and high humidity. The average rain fall is 37 inches (937 mm). Winters start in mid-November and are dry, mild and sunny. Temperatures average about 39–46 °F (4–8 °C), but can fall close to freezing on some nights.[2]
Ratlam gets moderate rainfall of 35 to 38 inches (890 to 970 mm) from July through September, due to the southwest monsoon.
| Climate data for Ratlam, India (December 2010 - December 2011) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °F (°C) | 91 (33) |
97 (36) |
103 (39) |
112 (44) |
112 (44) |
111 (44) |
100 (38) |
97 (36) |
102 (39) |
104 (40) |
99 (37) |
91 (33) |
112 (44) |
| Average high °F (°C) | 77 (25) |
82 (28) |
91 (33) |
99 (37) |
101 (38) |
93 (34) |
84 (29) |
81 (27) |
86 (30) |
88 (31) |
83 (28) |
78 (26) |
86.9 (30.5) |
| Average low °F (°C) | 53 (12) |
56 (13) |
65 (18) |
73 (23) |
78 (26) |
77 (25) |
74 (23) |
72 (22) |
71 (22) |
67 (19) |
60 (16) |
54 (12) |
66.7 (19.3) |
| Record low °F (°C) | 39 (4) |
39 (4) |
45 (7) |
48 (9) |
59 (15) |
59 (15) |
52 (11) |
52 (11) |
55 (13) |
50 (10) |
46 (8) |
38 (3) |
38 (3) |
| Precipitation inches (mm) | 0.3 (8) |
0.1 (3) |
0.1 (3) |
0.1 (3) |
0.6 (15) |
5.4 (137) |
10.9 (277) |
9.8 (249) |
7.2 (183) |
1.4 (36) |
0.7 (18) |
0.3 (8) |
36.9 (937) |
| Source: Weatherbase.com[2] | |||||||||||||
Demographics
According to the 2011 Census, the city of Ratlam has a population of 264,810, of which 135,007 are male and 129,803 are female. The population density was 107 people per square mile (277/km²).[3]
See also: List of cities in Madhya Pradesh
Transportation
Railways
Ratlam Junction is a major junction and rail division on Indian Railways on meter and broad gauge lines. It comes under the Western Railways zone of Indian Railways. There are four major railways passing through Ratlam City, leading to Mumbai, Delhi, Ajmer and Khandwa. Ratlam is a clean train station where specific trains are cleaned. Ratlam station is believed to be one of the busiest railway stations in India.[4]
In the movie The Burning Train, Ratlam's was the first railway station where the authorities realize that the train will not stop. In a scene of the Hindi film Jab We Met, the protagonists get stranded, in what is presumed to be Ratlam, after missing a train. However, the filming was not done in the actual city. The sets were recreated elsewhere, including the railway station.In fact Ratlam is believed to be a very religious city with many temples of great significance.
Railways is like in every heart of residents of Ratlam. Railways is a major employer in Ratlam. There was a time when most people in ratlam worked in railways.
Roads
Ratlam is connected to Indore and Neemuch via National Highway no. 79. Recently it has been connected to Ujjain via Badnawar. Newly constructed four lane highway to Lebad has reduced the time to reach Indore.
Business
Ratlam's Chandni Chowk is very famous for its gold, silver shops and metal Shops . D.P. JEWELLERS AND KATARIA JEWELLERS is the best metal merchant in whole Madya Pradesh People from all over the state come to the city to shop there. Ratlam has several chemical factories, namely JVL, Hightech, IPCA, Shaba Chemicals, Bordiya Chemicals, and Sujjan Chemicals. all of which manufacture copper wire and plastic rope, among other products.Ratlam is also famous for its purity and design in manufacturing gold and ornaments. Ratlami Namkin (sev) is famous throughout the country. It is also very famous for its Mava, also known as Khoa (ricotta), a by-product of milk. Ratlam is also famous for itz sari throughout the state. [1]
Education
Ratlam is mostly self dependent up to school level education having numerous English medium and Hindi medium schools. However, for higher education, people of Ratlam prefer Ujjain, Indore and Bhopal. The city has three government colleges, one homeopathic college, two engineering colleges and is planning to build a medical college.[1]
Picnic spots
Ratlam is surrounded with lots of picnic spots in all directions. At one end is the JVL temple and at the other end is Paryavaran Park. At the center of the city is Kalika Mata Mandir, which is surrounded by waterfalls such as Jhaamar-Patli, Kedareshwar, Isarthuni and many more.
People from Ratlam
In the field of education:
- Himanshu Joshi
- Pt. Bhanwar Lal Bhati
- Dr. Nisha Jain
- Dr. Jai Kumar Jalaj
- Dr. Rekha Shastri
- Sister Regi K.
- Dr. D.N. Pachori
- Dr. Swaroop Chand Jain
- Dr. Abhay Pathak
References
- ^ a b c d Ratlam District Information, ratlam.nic.in. Retrieved March 15, 2012.
- ^ a b Indore, India Weather (closest to Ratlam), weatherbase.com, March 15, 2012.
- ^ Ratlam City 2011 Census Data, Census-2011.co.in. Retrieved March 16, 2012.
- ^ Western Railway - Ratlam, indianrailways.gov. Retrieved March 16, 2012.
External links
- www.eratlam.com
- Ratlam official site
- Government Post Graduate College
- Shri Guru Tegh Bahadur Academy
- St. Joseph's Convent School, Ratlam
- Morning Star School Ratlam
- Online Ratlam Information in Hindi /www.ratlaminfo.com
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