Refusal to deal

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Competition law
Basic concepts
History of competition law Monopoly Coercive monopoly Natural monopoly Barriers to entry Market power SSNIP test Relevant market Merger control
Anti-competitive practices
Monopolization Collusion Formation of cartels Price fixing Bid rigging Product bundling and tying Refusal to deal Group boycott Exclusive dealing Dividing territories Conscious parallelism Predatory pricing Misuse of patents and copyrights
Laws and doctrines
United States Sherman Antitrust Act Clayton Antitrust Act Robinson-Patman Act FTC Act Hart-Scott-Rodino Act Merger guidelines Essential facilities doctrine Noerr-Pennington doctrine Parker immunity doctrine Rule of reason Europe UK competition law Irish competition law Australia Trade Practices Act 1974
Enforcement authorities and organizations
International Competition Network List of competition regulators
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Refusal to deal is one of several anti-competitive practices forbidden in countries which have restricted market economies. For example, in Australia:

• Agreements involving competitors that involve restricting the supply of goods are prohibited if they have the purpose or effect of substantially lessening competition in a market in which the businesses operate. [1]

"Refusal to deal" Reference: The Competition Act, 2002 (India) S4-d.
"Refusal to deal" includes any agreement which restricts, or is likely to restrict, by any method the persons or classes of persons to whom goods are sold or from whom goods are bought

See also

• Competition law
• Essential facilities doctrine

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