Religion and alcohol
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Religion and alcohol
The world's religions have had differing relationships with alcohol. Many religions forbid alcoholic consumption or see it sinful or negative. Other have allocated a specific place for it, as in the Christian practice of drinking Communion wine, which either symbolically represents or is believed to transubstantiate into the blood of Jesus Christ. Monastic communities have brewed beer and made wine.
In Judaism and Christianity, consumption of alcohol isn't explicitly forbidden, but instead moderation is taught. Alcoholic beverages appear in the Bible, though drunkenness is condemned (by the stories of Noah and Lot). Some Christians including Pentecostalists and Methodists today believe one ought to abstain from alcohol. Temperance and Prohibitionist movements have often had religious elements: the movement which led to prohibition in the United States was started by Methodists and Christian movements (see, for instance, Woman's Christian Temperance Union).
Islam considers consumption of khamr (Arabic for fermented drinks, wine) forbidden (haraam) under Islamic dietary laws.[1][2]
Buddhists typically avoid consuming alcohol (surāmerayamajja, referring to types of intoxicating fermented beverages), as it violates the 5th of the Five Precepts, the basic Buddhist code of ethics and can disrupt mindfulness and impeded one's progress in the Noble Eightfold Path.[3]
In Hinduism, wines as medicine is documented in the ancient Indian healing system of Ayurveda. Arishthas and Asavas are fermented juices, and herbs. Ayurveda, the oldest, documented system of medicine does not recommend wine for everyone. Wine is a potent healer for specific health conditions, on the other hand drinking wine without getting a pulse diagnosis done by an Ayurvedic doctor, may work the other way around. For instance, wine is recommended in specified quantity for Kapha body types. [4]
Research has been conducted by social scientists and epidemiologists to see if potential links exist between religiosity and alcoholism.[5][6]
See also
- Alcohol in the Bible
- Christianity and alcohol
- Entheogen (a psychoactive substance used in a religious or spiritual context)
- Prohibition
- Trappist beer
References
- ^ Qur'an, 5:90-91, 5:93-94, 2:195, 4:29.
- ^ Arthur James Powell (2004). "Only in Paradise: Alcohol and Islam". In Charles Kevin Robertson. Religion & alcohol: sobering thoughts. Peter Lang. ISBN 978-0-8204-6793-1. http://books.google.com/books?id=zmh_ohO1zZoC. Retrieved 15 January 2011.
- ^ "Access to Insight: the Panca Sila (with Pali)". http://www.bodhimonastery.net/bm/precepts.html. Retrieved 2011-03-14.
- ^ Sharma, Anisha. "Draksharishta (Grape Wine) and other Ayurvedic Wines used Originally as Medicine", The Chakra News, India, 10 October 2011.
- ^ Francis, L. J.; Fearn, M.; Lewis, C. A. (2005). "The Impact of Personality and Religion on Attitudes toward Alcohol among 16-18 year olds in Northern Ireland". Journal of Religion and Health 44 (3): 267–289. doi:10.1007/s10943-005-5464-z. JSTOR 27512870.
- ^ Ford, J.; Kadushin, C. (2002). "Between Sacral Belief and Moral Community: A Multidimensional Approach to the Relationship between Religion and Alcohol among Whites and Blacks". Sociological Forum 17 (2): 255–279. doi:10.1023/A:1016089229972. JSTOR 3070326.
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