residential segregation
The evolution of distinct neighbourhoods, recognizable by their characteristic socio-economic and/or ethnic identity. Studies in Chicago in the 1950s showed segregation by occupational class, and demonstrated that the most highly segregated groups were at the bottom and top of the socio-economic scale. An important reason for residential clustering is the desire of the members to preserve their own group identity or life-style, and to give the social group a cohesive political voice.
For some groups, residential segregation may be maintained by high land values, by redlining, or other discriminatory practices. Ethnic minorities with extended families may seek out areas of cheap, large housing or may group together for protection. See also bid-rent theory, sector theory, neighbourhood, social area.
