Richmond Hill is a middle class neighborhood in central-southern Queens, New York City, USA. It is bordered by Kew Gardens to the north, Woodhaven and Ozone Park to the west, South Ozone Park to the south and South Jamaica to the east.[1] The neighborhood is split between Queens Community Board 9 and 10.[2]
Main commercial streets in the neighborhood include Jamaica Avenue, Atlantic Avenue and Liberty Avenue. The zip code of Richmond Hill is 11418.
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History
The hill referred to as Richmond Hill is a moraine created by debris and rocks collected while glaciers advanced down North America.
Richmond Hill is rich in history. The Battle of Long Island, one of the bloodiest battles of the Revolutionary War, was fought in 1776 along the ridge now in Forest Park, near what is now the golf course clubhouse. Protected by its thickly wooded area, American riflemen used guerrilla warfare tactics to attack and defeat the Hessians.
Richmond Hill's name was inspired either by a suburban town near London, England, or because of Edward Richmond, a landscape architect in the mid-1800s who designed much of the neighborhood. In 1868, a successful banker named Albon P. Man bought the Lefferts and Welling farms, and hired Richmond to lay out the community. Over the next decade streets, schools, a church, and a railroad were built, thus making the area one of the earliest residential communities on Long Island. The area is well known for its large-frame single family houses, many of which have been preserved since the turn of the twentieth century. Many of the Queen Anne Victorian homes of old Richmond Hill still stand in the area today. The area first became developed in 1918, when the BMT Jamaica Avenue elevated train line (today the J/Z lines of the New York City Subway) was extended in the neighborhood. It is also the southern port for the A train, which heads at the busy intersection of Liberty Ave & Lefferts Blvd.
Landmarks
The Triangle Hofbrau[3] was a restaurant which was frequented by such stars as Mae West in the 1920s and 1930s. It sat on the triangular piece of land bordered by Hillside Avenue, Jamaica Avenue and Myrtle Avenue.
Near the northwest corner of Hillside Avenue and Myrtle Avenue sat an old time ice cream parlor, Jahn's. It closed in late 2007. Not far away is Lefferts Boulevard which, with Liberty Avenue, define the central core of Richmond Hill.
Diversity
Originally, many British families had lived in Richmond Hill. Today Richmond Hill mostly consists of Asian Americans and Caribbean Americans. Richmond Hill has the largest Sikh population in the City of New York and also contributes to the diversity of the borough of Queens. Since the 1970s many Guyanese and Trinidadians have emigrated to the United States, especially to Richmond Hill and Jamaica in Queens, and brought the Hindu and Muslim traditions to their new home.
Notable Residents
Amelia Edith Huddleston Barr - Author of the book Jan Vedder's Wife and an advocate of women's rights.
Jack Cassidy - Broadway and television actor was born and raised in Richmond Hill.
Percy Crosby - Creator of the comic Skippy.
Rodney Dangerfield - Famous comedian who attended Richmond Hill High School.
Morton Gould - Winner of a Pulitzer Prize, Kennedy Center Honor, and a Grammy Award.[4]
Alfred H. Grebe - pioneer in radio broadcasting.
Anaïs Nin - French-Cuban author of The Delta of Venus and diarist. Lived in Richmond Hill prior to moving to Paris in 1924. Jack Kerouac - Lived in Richmond Hill from 1950 - 1955.[5]
Jack Lord - Actor famous for portraying Lt. Steve McGarrett on Hawaii Five-O.
Jack Maple - Former deputy commissioner of New York City Police Department that inspired the television series The District.[6]
Marx Brothers - The house is still noted with a commemorating plaque.
Colby O'Donis - R&B singer grew up in the area of Richmond Hill.
Edgar C. Proctor- Secretary for President Mckinley
Jacob A. Riis - Documentary journalist/author, photographer and reformer was a Richmond Hill resident.
Phil Rizzuto - Hall of Fame Baseball Player who lived and went to high school in Richmond Hill.
Bob Sheppard - Yankee Stadium Public Address Announcer "The Voice of the Yankees" from 1951 - 2009 was born and raised in Richmond Hill.
Libraries
Parks
Schools
Richmond Hill schools are operated by the New York City Department of Education.
Zoned elementary schools include:
- P.S. 51
- P.S. 161 Arthur R. Ashe Junior School
- P.S. 54 Hillside Avenue School
- P.S. 55 The Maure School
- P.S. 56 Harry Eichler School
- P.S. 62 Chester Park School
- P.S. 66 Oxford School
- P.S. 90 Horace Mann School
Residents are zoned to M.S. 137 America's School of Heroes.
Richmond Hill High School is located in the neighborhood.
Private schools include:
- Bethlehem Christian Academy
- Hebrew Academy-West Queens
- Holy Child Jesus School
- Islamic Elementary School
- Our Lady of the Cenacle
- St Benedict Joseph Labre (closed)
- Theatre Street School
See also
References
External links
- 1873 Map of Richmond Hill, Queens
- 2000 Census data for ZIP code 11418
- 2000 Census data for ZIP code 11419
- Friends of the Richmond Hill Library
- New York City Transit
- NYPD 102nd Precinct
- Noteworthy people of Richmond Hill
- Richmond Hill Block Association
- Richmond Hill Historical Society
- Richmond Hill Local News
- Queens Historical Society
- Toxic Targeting Toxics Map of Richmond Hill 2004
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