Ausländer, Rose (Czernowitz, 1901-88, Düsseldorf), née Rosalie Scherzer, was brought up in the Jewish ghetto of her Bukovina native city, where she knew Paul Celan who influenced her when in the late 1950s she began to write her finest poetry. In 1916 her parents fled to Vienna, where she completed her education, and on her return to Czernowitz in 1919 she began studying literature and philosophy, notably Expressionism, Spinoza, and Constantin Brunner (1862-1937). However, in the following year financial circumstances caused the family to move to the USA. Rose was accompanied by Ignaz Ausländer, whom she married in New York, where she remained until her divorce in 1931. For the next fifteen years she lived again in Czernowitz, most of whose Jewish community suffered a horrific fate after the German occupation in 1941; she survived this ‘Galgenzeit’ by hiding in a cellar. In 1946 she returned to the USA, where, influenced by modern American poetry, she wrote some verse in English. In 1957 she visited Europe, where she resumed her contact with Celan; she finally left the USA in 1965, settling in Düsseldorf. It was now that she published the poetry for which she became known (an early volume, Der Regenbogen, 1939, had been confiscated by the National Socialists). Although confined to a sick-bed during her last years, she wrote on to the end, publishing over a dozen volumes, including Blinder Sommer (1965), 36 Gerechte (1967), Andere Zeichen (1974, with postscript by M. L. Kaschnitz), Ohne Visum. Poesie und kleine Prosa (1974), Mutterland (1978), and Meine Toten schweigen tief (1988). Immer zurück zum Pruth. Ein Leben in Gedichten (1988) is autobiographical; all her best poetry derives from personal experience, of Czernowitz with its rich multicultural heritage and indelible memories of suffering and the fear of being sent to the death camps, couched in abstract modern verse and effective metaphors.
Ausländer was awarded numerous honours and prizes. Gesammelte Gedichte appeared in 1976 (ext. 1977) and
Rose Ausländer
| German Literature Companion: Rose Ausländer |
| Wikipedia: Rose Ausländer |
Rose Ausländer (May 11, 1901 – January 3, 1988), maiden name Rosalie Beatrice Scherzer, was a Jewish German- and English language poet. She was born in Bucovina, and lived in U.S.A, Romania, and Germany.
She was born in Czernowitz, Bucovina, which at that time was part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Her father Sigmund (Süssi) Scherzer (1871-1920) was from a small town near Czernowitz, and her mother Kathi Etie Rifke Binder (1873-1947) was born in Czernowitz to a German family.[1] Between1907 and 1919, she received her primary and secondary education in Vienna and Czernowitz, which became part of Romania after 1918.
In 1919, she began studying literature and philosophy in Czernowitz. She developed at this time a life-long devotion to the philosopher Constantin Brunner.
After her father died in 1920, she gave up her studies. In 1921, together with her friend and future husband Ignaz Ausländer, she left Bukovina, and migrated to the United States. Here, she worked as an editor for the newspaper Westlicher Herold, and she began writing poems. In 1927, her first poems were published in the Amerika-Herold-Kalender, which she edited.
On October 19, 1923 she married Ausländer in New York. A mere three years later, they were divorced, presumably because of a boring family life. In the same year, she became an American citizen. In 1927, she returned home for eight months to take care of her sick mother. In 1931, she returned home again for the same reason; there she met graphologist Helios Hecht, with whom she lived until 1936. Because she hadn't been in America for more than three years, she meanwhile lost her American citizenship. After breaking up with Hecht, she left Czernowitz for Bucharest in 1936.
In 1939, her first volume of poems, Der Regenbogen (The Rainbow) was published after intermediation of Alfred Margul-Sperber. Even though it was a success with the critics, it was not accepted by the public. The greater part of the print run was destroyed by command of the Nazis in 1941, after they had occupied the city. As a Jew, she had to move into the ghetto of Czernowitz. She remained there two years, plus another year in hiding so as not to be deported to the camps. In the ghetto, she got to know Paul Celan, under whose influence she modernised her style, leaving behind her classic-expressionist tone. In spring 1944, the Nazis had to withdraw and the city was occupied by the Red Army. She left the country again, returning to New York, where she again was given American citizenship in 1948. She was able to meet Celan only once more, in 1957 in Paris. After the trauma of persecution, she began writing in English and only in 1956 did she resume writing texts in German.
When she published her second volume of poems, Blinder Sommer (Blind summer), in 1965, it was welcomed enthusiastically by the public. In 1967, she returned to West Germany. From then on, she lived in Düsseldorf; she was bedridden from 1978 due to arthritis. She had to dictate her texts, as she was not able to write by herself. She died in Düsseldorf in 1988.
Works
- Der Regenbogen (The Rainbow)
- Blinder Sommer (Blind Summer)
- Brief aus Rosen (Letter from Rosa/Letter from Roses)
- Das Schönste (The most beautiful)
- Denn wo ist Heimat? (Then Where is the Homeland)
- Die Musik ist zerbrochen (The Music is Broken)
- Die Nacht hat zahllose Augen (The Night Has Countless Eyes)
- Die Sonne fällt (The Sun Fails)
- Gelassen atmet der Tag (The Day Breathes Calmly)
- Hinter allen Worten (Behind All Words)
- Sanduhrschritt (Hourglass Pace)
- Schattenwald (Shadow Forest)
- Schweigen auf deine Lippen (Silence on Your Lips)
- The Forbidden Tree
- Treffpunkt der Winde (Meetingplace of the Wind))
- Und nenne dich Glück (And Call You Luck)
- Wir pflanzen Zedern (We Plant Cedars)
- Wir wohnen in Babylon (We Live in Babylon)
- Wir ziehen mit den dunklen Flüssen (We Row the Dark Rivers)
- Herbst in New York (Autumn in New York)
- An ein Blatt (To a Leaf)
- Anders II
- Poems of Rose Auslander. An Ark of Stars (Translated by Ingeborg Wald, Drawings by Ed Colker, Haybarn Press 1989)
- Rose Auslander: Twelve Poems, Twelve Paintings (Translated by Ingeborg Wald, Paintings Adrienne Yarme, Ithaca, NY 1991)
See also:http://www.espritsnomades.com/sitelitterature/auslander/auslanderrose.html#partie3
References
- This article draws heavily on the corresponding article in the German Wikipedia retrieved January 22, 2005.
- ^ Rose Ausländer life and poetry. „Ein denkendes Herz, das singt“ "A thinking heart that sings", google translation of Rose Ausländers Leben und Dichtung. „Ein denkendes Herz, das singt“[1]
External links
- author page at Lyrikline.org, with audio and text in German, and translations into Serbian, English, Farsi, and Bulgarian.
- Kirsten Krick-Aigner, Rose Ausländer, Jewish Women: A Comprehensive Historical Encyclopedia
This entry is from Wikipedia, the leading user-contributed encyclopedia. It may not have been reviewed by professional editors (see full disclaimer)
 | But Perhaps God Needs the Longing (Sources) (poem) |
| But Perhaps God Needs the Longing (Themes) (poem) |
| Paul Celan (person) |
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| Wikipedia. This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Rose Ausländer". Read more |
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