| S-chanf | ||||||||||
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  S-chanf
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| Population | 676 (December 2008[update]) | |||||||||
| - Density | 5 /km2 (13 /sq mi) | |||||||||
| Area | 137.90 km2 (53.24 sq mi) | |||||||||
| Elevation | 1,660 m (5,446 ft) | |||||||||
| Postal code | 7525 | |||||||||
| SFOS number | 3788 | |||||||||
| Surrounded by | Bergün/Bravuogn, Davos, Livigno (IT-SO), Madulain, Susch, Zernez, Zuoz | |||||||||
| Website | www.s-chanf.ch SFSO statistics |
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S-chanf (German: Scanfs) is a municipality in the district of Maloja in the Swiss canton of Graubünden.
Contents |
History
S-chanf is first mentioned around 1137-39 as Scaneves. In 1356 it was mentioned as Scanevo.[1]
Geography
S-chanf has an area, as of 2006[update], of 138 square kilometers (53.3 sq mi). Of this area, 23.7% is used for agricultural purposes, while 18.6% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 0.6% is settled (buildings or roads) and the remainder (57.1%) is non-productive (rivers, glaciers or mountains).[2]
The municipality is located in the Oberengadin sub-district of the Maloja district along the Inn river and at the mouth of the Casanna pass. It consists of the linear village of S-chanf with the sections of Cinuos-chel and Susauna. The village elevation is 1,662 meters (5,453 ft). Until 1943 S-chanf was known as Scanfs.[3]
Demographics
S-chanf has a population (as of 2008[update]) of 676, of which 11.4% are foreign nationals.[4] Over the last 10 years the population has grown at a rate of 7.5%.[2]
As of 2000[update], the gender distribution of the population was 50.7% male and 49.3% female.[5] The age distribution, as of 2000[update], in S-chanf is; 66 children or 10.6% of the population are between 0 to 9 years old. 46 teenagers or 7.4% are 10 to 14, and 46 teenagers or 7.4% are 15 to 19. Of the adult population, 74 people or 11.9% of the population are between 20 to 29 years old. 119 people or 19.2% are 30 to 39, 82 people or 13.2% are 40 to 49, and 73 people or 11.8% are 50 to 59. The senior population distribution is 43 people or 6.9% of the population are between 60 to 69 years old, 47 people or 7.6% are 70 to 79, there are 21 people or 3.4% who are 80 to 89, and there are 3 people or 0.5% who are 90 to 99.[4]
In the 2007 federal election the most popular party was the SVP which received 44.9% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the FDP (24.5%), the SP (23.8%) and the CVP (5.4%).[2]
The entire Swiss population is generally well educated. In S-chanf about 67% of the population (between age 25-64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either University or a Fachhochschule).[2]
S-chanf has an unemployment rate of 1.49%. As of 2005[update], there were 45 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 21 businesses involved in this sector. 51 people are employed in the secondary sector and there are 6 businesses in this sector. 119 people are employed in the tertiary sector, with 32 businesses in this sector.[2]
The historical population is given in the following table:[1]
| year | population |
|---|---|
| 1781 | 423 |
| 1806 | 450 |
| 1850 | 439 |
| 1900 | 402 |
| 1950 | 460 |
| 2000 | 620 |
Languages
Most of the population (as of 2000[update]) speaks Romansh (51.8%), with German being second most common (37.3%) and Italian being third ( 5.6%).[2] The population speaks either the Upper-Engadin Romansh dialect of Puter or a Bündner dialect of German. Until the 19th Century, all residents of the village spoke Romansh, but due to increasing trade with the outside world, its' usage began to decline. In 1880 about 86% spoke Romansh as a first language, in 1910 it was 92% and in 1941 it was 81%. By 1970 it had dropped to 65%. In 2000 about 68% of the population could at least understand Romansh.
| Languages in S-chanf | ||||||
| Languages | Census 1980 | Census 1990 | Census 2000 | |||
| Number | Percent | Number | Percent | Number | Percent | |
| German | 74 | 16.02 % | 129 | 25.60 % | 231 | 37.26 % |
| Romansh | 344 | 74.46 % | 336 | 66.67 % | 321 | 51.77 % |
| Italian | 26 | 5.63 % | 27 | 5.36 % | 35 | 5.65 % |
| Population | 462 | 100 % | 504 | 100 % | 620 | 100 % |
Sights
S-chanf is one of the pedestrian gateways into the Swiss National Park, as it is near the confluence of the Val Trupchun, a pedestrian only area of the park, and the Engadine. In the park, early risers may spot marmots and, high on the mountains, Steinbok (ibex).
It has at least two hotels: the Aurora and the Scaletta.
S-chanf is the final destination of the "Engadine Ski Marathon", a popular cross country ski race over marathon distance, which starts in Maloja
Heritage sites of national significance
The twin homes and barn at Nrs. 216/217 and the home with barn at Nr. 107 are listed as Swiss heritage sites of national significance.[6]
Swiss Army
S-chanf is the home to a base of the Swiss Army, which maintains one of its antiaircraft target shooting ranges in that area.
References
- ^ a b S-chanf in German, French and Italian in the online Historical Dictionary of Switzerland.
- ^ a b c d e f Swiss Federal Statistical Office accessed 21-Oct-2009
- ^ Amtliches Gemeindeverzeichnis der Schweiz published by the Swiss Federal Statistical Office (German) accessed 23 September 2009
- ^ a b Graubunden Population Statistics (German) accessed 21 September 2009
- ^ Graubunden in Numbers (German) accessed 21 September 2009
- ^ Swiss inventory of cultural property of national and regional significance 21.11.2008 version, (German) accessed 21-Oct-2009
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: S-chanf |
- This article incorporates information from the equivalent article on the German Wikipedia.
External links
- http://www.s-chanf.ch
- S-chanf in German, French and Italian in the online Historical Dictionary of Switzerland.
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