Sagami Bay (相模湾, Sagami-wan), also known as the Sagami Gulf or Sagami Sea, lies south of Kanagawa Prefecture in Honshū, central Japan, contained within the scope of the Miura Peninsula, in Kanagawa, to the east, the Izu Peninsula, in Shizuoka Prefecture, to the west, and the Shonan coastline to the north, while the island of Oshima marks the southern extent of the bay. It lies approximately 40 kilometres (25 miles) southwest of the capital, Tokyo. Major cities on the bay include Odawara, Chigasaki, Fujisawa, Hiratsuka, Ito and Kamakura.
Contents |
History
The epicenter of the Great Kantō earthquake in 1923 was deep beneath Izu Ōshima Island in Sagami Bay. It devastated Tokyo, the port city of Yokohama, surrounding prefectures of Chiba, Kanagawa, and Shizuoka, and caused widespread damage throughout the Kantō region.[1] The shallow nature of the seabed on the north of the bay, and the funnelling effect of tsunami and typhoon wave energy, has contributed to certain parts of the Shonan coast having suffered considerable damage, including the destruction of the Kotokuin temple (高徳院 こうとくいん) housing the Great Buddha, or Daibutsu (大仏 だいぶつ) during the massive tsunami of 1498. [2]
Natural environment
A branch of the warm Kuroshio (Black Current) warms the bay, allowing it to host marine organisms typical of more southerly regions and giving a mild climate to the land bordering the bay. The maximum depth of the bay is about 1500 meters.
Organisms from sub-arctic regions are also advected into the bay by intrusions of the Oyashio Current resulting in a very high [biodiversity].[3] It is the major study site for research programs at the University of Tokyo (ORI) and the Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC).
In 2004, soil samples from the bay were found to contain radioactive contamination from the Bikini Atoll nuclear tests that took place from 1946 to 1958. [4]
Notes
- ^ Hammer, Joshua. (2006). Yokohama Burning: the Deadly 1923 Earthquake and Fire that Helped Forge the Path to World War II, p. 278.
- ^ Kamio, Kenji & Willson, Heather, An English Guide to Kamakura's Temples and Shrines, p.143-144.
- ^ CJO - Abstract - Biodiversity in midwater cnidarians and ctenophores: submersible-based results from deep-water bays in the Japan Sea and north-western Pacific
- ^ SEPA
References
- Hammer, Joshua. (2006). Yokohama Burning: The Deadly 1923 Earthquake and Fire that Helped Forge the Path to World War II. New York: Simon & Schuster. 10-ISBN 0-743-26465-7; 13-ISBN 978-0-743-26465-5 (cloth)
Kamio, Kenji & Willson, Heather, An English Guide to Kamakura's Temples and Shrines,Ryokufu Shuppan, Tokyo, 2008 (paperback). ISBN978-4-8461-0811-3
This entry is from Wikipedia, the leading user-contributed encyclopedia. It may not have been reviewed by professional editors (see full disclaimer)
