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Felix Fürst zu Schwarzenberg

 
Britannica Concise Encyclopedia: Felix prince zu Schwarzenberg
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(born Oct. 2, 1800, Krummau, Bohemia, Austrian Habsburg domain — died April 5, 1852, Vienna, Austria) Austrian statesman who restored the Habsburg empire as a European power. Entering the diplomatic service, he became a protégé of Prince Klemens von Metternich and served in several Austrian embassies. In the Revolutions of 1848, he helped Joseph Radetzky defeat rebel forces in Italy. As prime minister and foreign minister of Austria (1848 – 52), he secured the replacement of Emperor Ferdinand by Francis Joseph. He reestablished order in Austria with a new constitution that transformed the Habsburg empire into a unitary, centralized state. He also imposed the Punctation of Olmütz on Prussia.

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German Literature Companion: Felix Schwarzenberg
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Schwarzenberg, Felix, Fürst zu (Krumau, 1800-52, Vienna), became prominent in Austrian and German politics during the last four years of his life. A field-marshal during the revolutionary wars (see Revolutionen 1848-9), Schwarzenberg was appointed by General Windischgrätz to be Austrian chief minister in succession to Metternich. By his autocratic and reactionary policy he safeguarded the throne for Franz Joseph. He repealed liberal concessions granted under popular pressure and suppressed national claims for greater independence in Austria-Hungary. He restored the German Confederation (see Deutscher Bund) by putting pressure upon Prussia (see Olmützer Punktation).

 
Columbia Encyclopedia: Felix Fürst zu Schwarzenberg
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Schwarzenberg, Felix, Fürst zu (fā'lĭks fürst tsū shvär'tsənbĕrk), 1800-1852, Austrian premier; nephew of Karl Philipp zu Schwarzenberg. A soldier and diplomat, he was named (Nov., 1848) premier at the urging of his brother-in-law, Prince Windischgrätz, who had crushed the revolutions of 1848 in Prague (June) and Vienna (October). Schwarzenberg persuaded Emperor Ferdinand to abdicate in favor of the young Francis Joseph and in 1849 suppressed the revolutionaries in Hungary with the aid of the Russians. At the Convention of Olmütz (1850), he humiliated Prussia by gaining recognition of a restored German Confederation under Austrian leadership.

Bibliography

See biography by A. Schwarzenberg (1946).

 
 

 

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Britannica Concise Encyclopedia. Britannica Concise Encyclopedia. © 2006 Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. All rights reserved.  Read more
German Literature Companion. The Oxford Companion to German Literature. Copyright © 1976, 1986, 1997, 2005 by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved.  Read more
Columbia Encyclopedia. The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition Copyright © 2003, Columbia University Press. Licensed from Columbia University Press. All rights reserved. www.cc.columbia.edu/cu/cup/.  Read more