Genus of toxic macrofungi; toadstools containing an unidentified toxin causing vomiting, tenesmus. Includes S. aurantium, S. citrinum, S. flavidum.
Scleroderma
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| Scleroderma | |
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| Scleroderma citrinum | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Basidiomycota |
| Class: | Agaricomycetes |
| Order: | Boletales |
| Suborder: | Sclerodermatineae |
| Family: | Sclerodermataceae |
| Genus: | Scleroderma Pers. |
| Type species | |
| Scleroderma verrucosum (Bull.) Pers. (1801) |
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Scleroderma is a genus of fungi, commonly known as earth balls, now known to belong to the Boletales order, in suborder Sclerodermatineae.[1]. The best known species are S. citrinum and S. verrucosum. They are found worldwide. Various members of this genus are used as inoculation symbionts to colonize and promote the growth of tree seedlings in nurseries.[2]
The name comes from the Greek sclera meaning hard and derma meaning skin.
Contents |
Description
The peridium (outer wall), which may be smooth or warted, is very thick, tough, and persistent. At maturity it splits irregularly over the upper part of the basidiocarp to reveal the dark gleba underneath. Spores are produced in small brownish-purple, pea-like bodies called peridioles that initially are outlined by wall-like aggregations of white hyphae. These peridioles disintegrate as the fruit body matures, and by the time the peridium splits open, only a powdery mass of dark spores is visible. Spores are roughly spherical in shape with warts or reticulate ornamentation, thick-walled, and brown. Species in Scleroderma are ectomycorrhizal with shrubs and trees, and have a worldwide distribution.[3]
See also
References
- ^ Binder M, Hibbett DS. (2006). "Molecular systematics and biological diversification of Boletales". Mycologia 98 (6): 971–81.
- ^ Chen YL, Liu S, Dell B (Sep 2007). "Mycorrhizal status of Eucalyptus plantations in south China and implications for management". Mycorrhiza 17 (6): 527–35. doi:. PMID 17406907.
- ^ Miller, Hope Ridings; Miller, Orson K. (1988). Gasteromycetes: morphological and developmental features, with keys to the orders, families, and genera. Eureka, Calif: Mad River Press. ISBN 0-916422-74-7.
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 | Veterinary Dictionary. Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary 3rd Edition. Copyright © 2007 by D.C. Blood, V.P. Studdert and C.C. Gay, Elsevier. All rights reserved. Read more |
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| Wikipedia. This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Scleroderma (genus)". Read more |
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Mentioned in
- black puff-ball
- Morphea (in medicine)
- Limited scleroderma (in medicine)
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