A list of tree species, grouped generally by biogeographic realm and specifically by bioregions, and shade tolerance. Shade-tolerant species are species that are able to thrive in the shade, and in the presence of natural competition by other plants. Shade-intolerant species require full sunlight and little or no competition. Intermediate shade-tolerant trees fall somewhere in between the two.
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Americas
Nearctic ecozone
Eastern North America
Shade tolerant
- Abies balsamea, Balsam Fir
- Acer negundo, Boxelder
- Acer rubrum, Red Maple
- Acer saccharum, Sugar Maple
- Acer saccharinum, Silver Maple
- Aesculus spp., Buckeyes
- Betula alleghaniensis, Yellow Birch
- Betula lenta, Sweet Birch
- Chamaecyparis thyoides, Atlantic White Cypress or Atlantic Whitecedar
- Cornus florida, Flowering Dogwood
- Diospyros spp., Persimmon
- Fagus grandifolia, American Beech
- Ilex opaca, American Holly
- Ostrya virginiana, Eastern Hophornbeam
- Picea glauca, White Spruce
- Picea mariana, Black Spruce
- Picea rubens, Red Spruce
- Salix spp., Atlantic White Cypress
- Tilia americana, Basswood
- Thuja occidentalis, Northern White Cedar
- Tsuga canadensis, Eastern Hemlock
- Nyssa spp., Tupalos
Intermediate shade tolerant
- Castanea dentata, American Chestnut
- Celtis occidentalis, Hackberry
- Fraxinus americana, White Ash
- Fraxinus pennsylvanica, Green Ash
- Fraxinus nigra, Black Ash
- Magnolia spp., Magnolias
- Quercus alba, White Oak
- Quercus macrocarpa, Bur Oak
- Quercus nigra, Black Oak
- Pinus elliottii, Slash Pine
- Pinus strobus, Eastern White Pine
- Taxodium distichum, Bald Cypress
- Ulmus americana, American Elm
- Ulmus thomasii, Rock Elm
Shade intolerant
- Betula papyrifera, Paper Birch
- Betula populifolia, Gray Birch
- Catalpa spp., Catalpas
- Carya illinoinensis, Pecan
- Carya spp., Hickories
- Gymnocladus dioicus, Kentucky Coffeetree
- Juglans cinerea, Butternut
- Juglans nigra, Black Walnut
- Juniperus virginiana, Eastern Red Cedar
- Larix laricina, Tamarack
- Liriodendron tulipifera, Yellow poplar
- Maclura pomifera, Osage Orange
- Pinus banksiana, Jack Pine
- Pinus echinata, Shortleaf Pine
- Pinus palustris, Longleaf Pine
- Pinus resinosa, Red Pine
- Pinus rigida, Pitch Pine
- Pinus taeda, Loblolly pine
- Pinus virginiana, Virginia Pine
- Platanus occidentalis, Sycamore
- Populus deltoides, Eastern Cottonwood
- Populus grandidentata, Big-Tooth Aspen
- Populus tremuloides, Quaking Aspen
- Prunus pensylvanica, Pin Cherry
- Prunus serotina, Black Cherry
- Robinia pseudoacacia, Black Locust
- Salix spp., Willows
- Sassafras spp., Sassafras
Western North America
Shade tolerant
- Abies amabilis, Pacific Silver Fir
- Abies concolor, White Fir
- Abies grandis, Grand Fir
- Abies lasiocarpa, Alpine Fir
- Acer circinatum, Vine Maple
- Acer macrophyllum, Big-leaf Maple
- Arbutus arizonica, Arizona Madrone
- Arbutus menziesii, Pacific Madrone
- Arbutus xalapensis, Texas Madrone
- Callitropsis nootkatensis, Nootka Cypress
- Calocedrus decurrens, California Incense-cedar
- Lithocarpus densiflorus, Tan Oak
- Picea engelmannii, Engelmann Spruce
- Picea sitchensis, Sitka Spruce
- Quercus chrysolepis, Canyon Live Oak
- Sequoia sempervirens, Coast Redwood
- Sequouiadendron giganteum, Giant Sequoia
- Taxus brevifolia, Pacific Yew
- Thuja plicata Western Red Cedar
- Torreya californica, California Torreya
- Tsuga heterophylla, Western Hemlock
- Tsuga mertensiana, Mountain Hemlock
- Umbellularia californica, California Laurel
Intermediate shade tolerant
- Abies magnifica, Red Fir
- Alnus rubra, Red Alder
- Chrysolepis spp., Golden Chinquapin
- Fraxinus latifolia, Oregon Ash
- Picea pungens, Colorado Blue spruce
- Pinus lambertiana, Sugar Pine
- Pinus monticola Western White Pine
- Pinus radiata, Monterey Pine
- Pseudotsuga spp., Douglas-fir
- Quercus garryana, Oregon White Oak
- Quercus lobata, California White Oak
Shade intolerant
- Abies procera, Noble Fir
- Juniperus ashei, Ashe Juniper
- Juniperus californica, California Juniper
- Juniperus deppeana, Alligator Juniper
- Juniperus monosperma, One-seed Juniper
- Juniperus occidentalis, Western Juniper
- Juniperus osteosperma, Utah Juniper
- Juniperus scopulorum, Rocky Mountain Juniper
- Larix lyallii, Alpine Larch
- Larix occidentalis, Western Larch
- Pinus albicaulis, Whitebark Pine
- Pinus aristata, Rocky Mountains Bristlecone Pine
- Pinus attenuata, Knobcone Pine
- Pinus balfouriana, Foxtail Pine
- Pinus contorta, Lodgepole Pine
- Pinus coulteri, Coulter Pine
- Pinus flexilis, Limber Pine
- Pinus jeffreyi, Jeffrey Pine
- Pinus longaeva, Great Basin Bristlecone Pine
- Pinus muricata, Bishop Pine
- Pinus ponderosa, Ponderosa Pine
- Pinus sabineana, Digger Pine
- Pinus Ducampopinus spp., Piñon Pines
- Populus fremontii, Fremont Cottonwood
- Populus tremuloides, Quaking aspen
External links
- Tolerance of Tree Species
- Silvics of North America, an encyclopedia of characteristics for around 200 tree species native to the United States published by the United States Forest Service.
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