Shaghur

Coordinates: 32.1°45′N 34.95°21′E / 32.85, 35.3
Shaghur שגור الشاغور Shagor
Shaghur Location within Israel
Country	Israel
District	North
Founded	2003
Government
- Mayor	Salih Debbah
Area
- City	{{formatnum:17737 dunams (17.7 km² / 6.8 sq mi) }}
Population (2005)
- City
Time zone	IST ([[UTC+2]])
- Summer (DST)	IDT ([[UTC+3]])

Shaghur or Shagor (Hebrew: שגור‎, Arabic: الشاغور) is an Israeli-Arab city in the North District of Israel located east of the coastal city of Acre (Akka). It was formed in 2003 with the merger of three Arab local councils, Majd al-Krum, Deir al-Asad and Bi'ina. It was declared a city in 2005. It is the third largest Arab city in the North District after Nazareth and Shefa-'Amr. The name Shaghur comes from the name of the nearby valley which borders the al-Araas mountain in which the city is built upon.^[1]

According to the Israel Central Bureau of Statistics (ICBS), the city had a population of 28,500 at the end of 2005.^[2]

History

The three villages like other Arab villages in the Galilee were largely agricultural. The main crops were the orchards of olives, figs, citrus and pomegranates. Majd al-Krum, Deir al-Asad and Bi'ina were captured by Israeli forces on October 30 during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War. According to eyewitness Umm Abid al-Qiblawi, Israeli forces killed 12 alleged Arab Liberation Army aligned militiamen by hanging during the capture of Majd al-Krum.^[3] In 1956 about 1,275 acres of land from the villages that make up Shaghur were labeled "closed areas" by the Israeli government. In 1961 the restricted area was used to form the nearby city of Karmiel.^[1]^[4] During the 2006 Lebanon War between Israel and Hezbollah, as many as twelve of the latter's Katyusha rockets landed in Shaghur's neighborhoods, killing four civilians. The Jewish city of Karmiel, which is adjacent to Shaghur was Hezbollah's apparent target.^[5]

Demographics

Politics
Arab citizens of Israel
Balad (al-Tajamu) · Hadash (al-Jabha) United Arab List (Hezb al-Democraty al-Arabi) Avoda · Kadima · Likud Abnaa el-Balad Internally Displaced Palestinians The Koenig Memorandum · Land Day October 2000 events See also: Template:Palestinians
Religion
Al-Aqsa Mosque · Dome of the Rock Basilica of the Annunciation · Mary's Well St. George's Orthodox Church Church of the Holy Sepulchre
Culture
Music · Dance · Palestinian cuisine Palestinian Arabic · Negev Bedouins
Notable Personalities
Emile Habibi · Azmi Bishara · Abbas Suan · Amos Yarkoni · Elia Suleiman · Hany Abu-Assad · Samih al-Qasim · Mohammed Bakri · Hiam Abbass · Ali Suliman ·

The population is mostly Muslim, with a minority of Christian Arab residents in the Bi'ina neighborhood. In 1948, most of villages' residents did not flee the area as part of the Palestinian exodus. The recently formed city has experienced a lack of cooperation between its two major components, Majd al-Krum and Deir al-Asad, in the wake of recent elections for city mayor won by a candidate from Deir al-Asad, Salih Debbah. The residents of Majd al-Krum refusing to abide by the leadership of a Deir al-Asad man boycotted the new local government, and this particular area consequently is at an economic and social disadvantage relative to the other neighborhoods that make up Shaghur.

The city's population increased by 7% in 2005 and in total approximately by 2,500 persons. Its current population is 28,500 and is expected to increase to 29,200 in 2006.^[2]

Economy

Shaghur was originally an agricultural city famous for its olive and fig groves. The city however has rapidly drifted into a commercial center and midway between the Galilee's coastal cities and Nazareth. It remains in friendly and cooperative communication with the neighboring city of Karmiel and the Arab local councils of Nahf and Rame. The city is filled with souks (open-air markets), restaurants, various shops and stores and three gas stations. Even with the merger of the three old municipalities Shaghur's economy is not improving as expected and the city still remains quite poor and unmanaged due to political boycotts. In 2004 the city's average income per capita decreased by -1.04 NIS to 1,093 NIS making it Israel's 19th poorest municipality.^[6] Its population density is also increasing because of the city's inability to expand residentially and commercially beyond its jurisdiction.

Persons associated with Shaghur

Mohammad Bakri - actor and film-maker; former resident of Bi'ina
Mahmoud Darwish - Palestinian poet; partly educated in Deir al-Asad
Uri Davis - academic and activist; took sanctuary in Deir al-Asad while evading IDF service
Khaled Diab - professor and peace activist; former resident of Majd al-Krum

References

^ ^a ^b H. Amun, U. Davis and N. D. San´allah: Deir al-Asad: The Destiny of an Arab Village in Galilee, in Palestinian Arabs in Israel: Two Case Studies, Ithaca Press, London 1977, pp. 4-5.
^ ^a ^b Populations of Localities Numbering Above 1,000 Residents Israel Central Bureau of Statistics
^ Chapter 9, Part 2 or 2, Encyclopedia of the Palestine Problem
^ Sabri Jiryis: The Arabs in Israel 1st American edition 1976 ISBN 0-85345-377-2 (updated from the 1966 ed.) With a foreword by Noam Chomsky. (First English edition; Beirut, Institute for Palestine Studies, 1968). Chapter 5.
^ The Arab citizens in Israel and the 2006 War with Lebanon Mossawa Center
^ Local Councils and Municipalities - Rank, Cluster Membership, Variable and Standardized Values and Ranking for Variables Used Israel Central Bureau of Statistics

North District
Cities	Afula \| Acre (Akko) \| Beit She'an \| Karmiel \| Kiryat Shmona \| Ma'alot-Tarshiha \| Migdal HaEmek \| Nahariya \| Nazareth \| Nazareth Illit \| Safed \| Sakhnin \| Shaghur \| Shefa-'Amr (Shfar'am) \| Tamra \| Tiberias \| Yokneam
Local councils	Abu Sinan \| Arraba \| Basmat Tiv'on \| Beit Jann \| Bir al-Maksur \| Bu'eine Nujeidat \| Buq'ata \| Daburiyya \| Deir Hanna \| Eilabun \| Ein Qiniyye \| Ein Mahal \| Fassuta \| Ghajar \| Hurfeish \| Hatzor HaGelilit \| I'billin \| Iksal \| Ilut \| Jadeidi-Makr \| Julis \| Ka'abiyye-Tabbash-Hajajre \| Kabul \| Kafr Kanna \| Kafr Manda \| Kafr Yasif \| Kaokab Abu al-Hija \| Katzrin \| Kfar Kama \| Kfar Tavor \| Kfar Vradim \| Kineret \| Kisra-Sumei \| Maghar \| Majdal Shams \| Mas'ada \| Mashhad \| Mazra'a \| Metula \| Mevo Hama \| Migdal \| Nahf \| Peki'in \| Rame \| Reineh \| Ramat Yishay \| Rosh Pinna \| Sajur \| Sandala \| Sha'ab \| Shlomi \| Shibli-Umm al-Janam \| Tuba-Zangariyye \| Tur'an \| Yafa an-Naseriyye \| Yanuh-Jat \| Yavne'el \| Yesod HaMa'ala \| Yirka \| Zarzir
Regional councils	Al-Batuf \| Beit She'an Valley \| Bustan al-Marj \| Northern Jordan Valley (Emek HaYarden) \| Golan \| HaGilboa \| Jezreel Valley \| Lower Galilee \| Upper Galilee \| Ma'ale Yosef \| Matte Asher \| Megiddo \| Merom HaGalil \| Mevo'ot HaHermon \| Misgav

Israeli municipality merger of 2003
New municipalities: Baqa-Jat \| Binyamina-Giv'at Ada \| Carmel City \| Kokhav Ya'ir \| Modi'in-Maccabim-Re'ut \| Shagor \| Tzoran-Kadima \| Yehud-Monosson
Old municipalities: Baqa al-Gharbiyye \| Bi'ina \| Binyamina \| Daliyat al-Karmel \| Deir al-Asad \| Giv'at Ada \| Isfiya \| Jat \| Kadima \| Maccabim-Re'ut \| Majd al-Krum \| Modi'in \| Neve Monosson \| Tzoran \| Tzur Yigal \| Yehud

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