| Sher Ali Khan | |
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| Amir of Afghanistan | |
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| Amir Sher Ali Khan in 1869 | |
| Reign | Barakzai dynasty: 1863 - 1879 |
| Full name | Sher Ali Khan |
| Born | 1825 |
| Died | February 21, 1879 |
| Predecessor | Dost Mohammad Khan |
| Successor | Mohammad Afzal Khan |
| Dynasty | Barakzai dynasty |
| Father | Dost Mohammed Khan |
Sher Ali Khan (1825–February 21, 1879) was Amir of Afghanistan from 1863 to 1866 and from 1868 until his death in 1879. He was the third son of Dost Mohammed Khan, founder of the Barakzai Dynasty in Afghanistan.
Sher Ali Khan initially seized power when his father died, but was quickly ousted by his older brother, Mohammad Afzal Khan. Internecine warfare followed until Sher Ali defeated his brother and regained the title of Emir. His rule was hindered by pressure from both Britain and Russia though Sher Ali attempted to keep Afghanistan neutral in their conflict. In 1878, the neutrality fell apart and the Second Anglo-Afghan War erupted. As British forces marched on Kabul, Sher Ali Khan decided to leave Kabul to seek political asylum in Russia. He died in Mazar-e Sharif, leaving the throne to his son Mohammad Yaqub Khan.[1]
Sher Ali was closely affiliated to India. He married one of his daughters to a prominent Tribal Chief of Gakhars, Khan Bahadur Raja Jahandad Khan. After partition Gakhars are now part of Pakistan.
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| Preceded by Dost Mohammad Khan |
Emir of Afghanistan 1863-1866 |
Succeeded by Mohammad Afzal Khan |
| Preceded by Mohammad Afzal Khan |
Emir of Afghanistan 1867-1879 |
Succeeded by Mohammad Yaqub Khan |
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