Shina (also known as Tshina) is a Dardic language spoken by a plurality of people in Gilgit-Baltistan of Pakistan. The valleys in which it is spoken include Astore, Chilas, Dareil, Tangeer, Gilgit, Ghizer, and a few parts of Baltistan and Kohistan. It is also spoken in Gurez, Drass, Kargil, Karkit Badgam and Ladakh valleys of Jammu and Kashmir, India. There were 321,000 speakers of Gilgiti Shina as of 1981, and an estimated total of speakers of all dialects of 550,000. Many Shina speakers are also found in Pakistan's major urban centres of Islamabad, Rawalpindi, Lahore, Abbottabad, Hyderabad and Karachi.
Dialects include Gilgiti Shina,Gilityaa,Kharochya (the main dialect),
- Astori Shina,Asturajaa,
- Dashkinii,Bounzhey,Shina,
- Chilasii,Darelaye Shina,
- Shinakii, Shina,
- Gulapoorii Shina,
- Brokskad (of Baltistan and Ladakh),
- Domaaki,
- Kohistani Shina,
- Palula,
- Savi, and
- Ushojo.[2]
Phonology
Vowels
Consonants
Tone
Tshina has two contrasting tones, level and rising.
Grammar
Common words and phrases
Days of the week
| English |
Shina |
Sanskrit |
| Sunday |
Adit |
Adityabar |
| Monday |
Tsunduro |
Sambar |
| Tuesday |
Ungaroo |
Mangal bar |
| Wednesday |
Bodo |
Budh bar |
| Thursday |
Bressput |
Brihaspati bar |
| Friday |
Shooker |
Suk bar |
| Saturday |
Shimshere |
Sanisch bar |
| “ |
These names are used in Gilgit, Hunza, Nager, and were most probably introduced by the Shins, as they were in use long before the Sikh power was felt across the Indus. It would seem as if the Shins, while introducing the Hindu days of the week, adopted in other respects the mode of computing time already existing in the country.[2] |
” |
- Gileet: Gilgit
- Thay nom jayk han? What is your name.
- May nom Peter han: My name is Peter.
- Jayk haal hay'n: How are you?{(Yowk haal heen? >>astori dialect<<)
- Mas tutt khosh thamus(M)/thamis(F): I love(like) you
- Kontay bujano(M)/ bujani(F)? : Where are you going?
- Tus jayk thayno(M)/ thayni(F)?: What are you doing?
- Ash bala jayk thayno(M)/ thayni(F)?: What are you doing nowadays?
- Tu kon hano(M)/ hani(F)?: Where are you?
- Sadpara kon hin: Where is Sadpara?
- Kon?: Where?
- Aan: here
- Adaan: over here
- Aal: there
- Paar Aal: over there
- Khiri beyy: sit down
- Weyy pi: drink water
- Tiki kha: eat your food
- Muzzu inn wa: Muzzu come here.
- Lowko: quick
- Mah buja mus: I'm going.
- Baba: father
- Aaji: mother
- Sah: sister
- Kaáka/Kaká): brother (also "Zraah" ... the beginning is a mix of the sounds "J" and "Z", and then an "R")
- Hunn theh: pick up
- Angai: sky
- Birdii: Land
- Attay: bring (it)
- Shaalbaal: children
- Mishti dish kon hin?: What is the best place around?
- Pheepi: Aunt (father's sister)
- Tu kontay bujano(M)/ bujani(F)?: Where are you going?
- Bilayn:Medicines
- Daado: grand father
- Daddi: grand mother
- Maamo: uncle
- Mulai: girl
- Baal: boy
>>replace "o" with "i" to turn an adjective feminine <<
- Bado(i): big
- Chuno(i): small
- Thulo(i): fat
- Ashaato(i): weak
- Dango(i): tall (also "Zrigo(i)"...this is more commonly used)
- Khutto(i): short
- Dawano (i): crazy
- Mishto(i): good (the "sh" sound has a bit of an "r" in it...like in Shina)
See also
References
- ^ Ethnologue
- ^ a b "Tribes of the Hindoo Koosh John Biddulph", Sang e meel Publications, p 93
External links
This entry is from Wikipedia, the leading user-contributed encyclopedia. It may not have been reviewed by professional editors (see full disclaimer)
Pakistan
