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Dictionary:

shorten

  (shôr'tn) pronunciation

v., -ened, -en·ing, -ens.

v.tr.
  1. To make short or shorter.
  2. Nautical. To take in (a sail) so that less canvas is exposed to the wind, thereby reducing speed.
  3. To reduce in force, efficacy, or intensity.
  4. To add shortening to (dough) so as to make flaky.
v.intr.

To become short or shorter.

shortener short'en·er n.

SYNONYMS  shorten, abbreviate, abridge, curtail, truncate. These verbs mean to diminish the length, duration, or extent of by or as if by cutting: vices that will shorten your life; abbreviated the speech; abridging the citizens' rights; curtailed their visit; truncated the conversation.
ANTONYM  lengthen


 
 
Thesaurus: shorten

verb

    To make short or shorter the duration or extent of: abbreviate, abridge, condense, curtail, reduce. See increase/decrease, long/short.

 
Antonyms: shorten

v

Definition: diminish, decrease
Antonyms: amplify, elongate, enlarge, grow, increase, lengthen

 
US Military Dictionary: shorten

v. reduce the amount of (sail) exposed to the wind.

See the Introduction, Abbreviations and Pronunciation for further details.

 
Word Tutor: shorten
pronunciation

IN BRIEF: To cut in length, make less long.

pronunciation Do not shorten the morning by getting up late; look upon it as the quintessence of life, as to a certain extent sacred. — Arthur Schopenhauer (1788-1860), German philosopher.

 
Wikipedia: Shorten

Shorten (SHN) is a file format similar to ZIP, RAR, and StuffIt but is optimized for compressing audio data. It is used to losslessly compress CD-quality audio files (44.1 kHz 16-bit stereo PCM). Shorten is no longer developed and more mature lossless audio codecs such as FLAC, MPEG-4 ALS, Monkey's Audio (APE), TTA, and WavPack have become more popular (especially due to early versions of Shorten not having support for seek tables). However, Shorten remains a common format due to the large number of legally tradable concert recordings in circulation that are encoded as Shorten files. Shorten files use the .SHN file extension.

Handling Shorten Files

Since few players or media writers attempt to decompress Shorten files, a standalone decompression program is usually required to convert to a different file format that those applications can handle. There are many such program; only the most common are listed below.

  • md5sum can apply the .MD5 checksum file that commonly accompanies Shorten files to ensure that the large .SHN file(s) have not been corrupted during transmission.
  • Shorten (a program with the same name as the file format) is a command-line tool to convert between Shorten files and an uncompressed (typically .WAV file format that players and writers can handle.[1] It has been updated as recently as 2007 and ported to various operating systems.
  • A commonly recommended Windows[2] program is mkw Audio Compression Tool (mkwACT). It combines the functionality of md5sum with that of the Shorten program.[3]
  • Shorten for MacIntosh is functionally similar to mkwACT, with a GUI.[4] Versions of it exist for Linux et al.


A Shorten plug-in exists for Nero Burning ROM. It is not distributed by Nero AG.

Notes

  1. ^ http://etree.org/shnutils/shorten/
  2. ^ mkwACT can run on Windows 95 through Windows XP.
  3. ^ Be warned that mkwACT has one Very Bad Habit, and one not so bad. The Bad Habit is that it entirely replaces the File Type associations of .MD5, .MP3, .MKW, .SHN, and .WAV files! There is no warning or options at install; it just does it. The associations must be recovered manually if, for instance, you prefer to open a player when clicking on a .WAV file. The not so bad habit is that the program installs in a directory named after the author. There is an option to change the install path, but since it is not visible in the install window (too long) it is rarely noticed.
  4. ^ http://www.hornig.net/shorten.html

See also

External links

Multimedia compression formats
Video compression
ISO/IEC MJPEG · MPEG-1 · MPEG-2 · MPEG-4 ASP · MPEG-4/AVC
ITU-T H.261 · H.262 · H.263 · H.264
Others AVS · Bink · Dirac · Indeo · MJPEG · Pixlet · RealVideo · Smacker · Theora · VC-1 · VP6 · VP7 · WMV
Audio compression
ISO/IEC MPEG-1 Layer III (MP3) · MPEG-1 Layer II · MPEG-1 Layer I · AAC · HE-AAC · HE-AAC v2
ITU-T G.711 · G.722 · G.722.1 · G.722.2 · G.723 · G.723.1 · G.726 · G.728 · G.729 · G.729.1 · G.729a
Others AC3 · Apple Lossless · ATRAC · FLAC · iLBC · Monkey's Audio · μ-law · Musepack · Nellymoser · OptimFROG · RealAudio · SHN · Speex · Vorbis · WavPack · WMA · TAK
Image compression
ISO/IEC/ITU-T JPEG · JPEG 2000 · lossless JPEG · JBIG · JBIG2 · PNG  · WBMP
Others BMP · GIF · ILBM · PCX · PGF  · TGA  · TIFF  · HD Photo
Media containers
General 3GP · ASF · AVI · Bink · DMF · DPX · FLV · Matroska · MP4 · MXF · NUT · Ogg · Ogg Media · QuickTime · RealMedia · Smacker · VOB
Audio only AIFF · AU · WAV
See Compression Methods for methods and Compression Software Implementations for codecs

This entry is from Wikipedia, the leading user-contributed encyclopedia. It may not have been reviewed by professional editors (see full disclaimer)

 
Translations: Translations for: Shorten

Dansk (Danish)
v. tr. - forkorte, afkorte, lægge op
v. intr. - blive kortere

idioms:

  • shorten the odds    mindske oddsene

Nederlands (Dutch)
korter maken, afkorten, bekorten

Français (French)
v. tr. - abréger, raccourcir, réduire, alléger
v. intr. - raccourcir, diminuer

idioms:

  • shorten the odds    affaiblir la cote

Deutsch (German)
v. - kürzen, reduzieren

idioms:

  • shorten the odds    die Wahrscheinlichkeit erhöhen, die Gewinnchance verringern

Ελληνική (Greek)
v. - βραχύνω, περικόπτω, λιγοστεύω

idioms:

  • shorten the odds    βελτιώνω τις πιθανότητες

Italiano (Italian)
accorciare

idioms:

  • shorten the odds    ridurre il rischio

Português (Portuguese)
v. - encurtar, abreviar, reduzir

idioms:

  • shorten the odds    diminuir a vantagem

Русский (Russian)
сокращать, уменьшать, добавлять в тесто жир для рассыпчатости, перестать пеленать

idioms:

  • shorten the odds    увеличить вероятность какого-л. события

Español (Spanish)
v. tr. - abreviar, acortar, reducir, disminuir, limitar, impedir
v. intr. - acortarse, disminuirse, decrecer, encogerse, abreviarse

idioms:

  • shorten the odds    reducir las probabilidades

Svenska (Swedish)
v. - förkorta, göra kortare, minska, korta, lägga upp

中文（简体） (Chinese (Simplified))
弄短, 减少, 缩短, 变短, 变小

idioms:

  • shorten the odds    消除差别

中文（繁體） (Chinese (Traditional))
v. tr. - 弄短, 減少, 縮短
v. intr. - 變短, 縮短, 變小

idioms:

  • shorten the odds    消除差別

한국어 (Korean)
v. tr. - 짧게 하다, 짧게 보이다, 적게 하다
v. intr. - 짧아지다, (승산이) 적어지다, 감소하다

日本語 (Japanese)
v. - 短くする, 短縮する, さくさくさせる

idioms:

  • shorten the odds    掛け率を少差にする

العربيه (Arabic)
‏(فعل) يقلل, يخفض, يقصر‏

עברית (Hebrew)
v. tr. - ‮קיצר‬
v. intr. - ‮התקצר‬

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Copyrights:

Dictionary. The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition Copyright © 2007, 2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Updated in 2007. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.  Read more
Thesaurus. Roget's II: The New Thesaurus, Third Edition by the Editors of the American Heritage® Dictionary Copyright © 1995 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.  Read more
Answers Corporation Antonyms. © 1999-2008 by Answers Corporation. All rights reserved.  Read more
US Military Dictionary. The Oxford Essential Dictionary of the U.S. Military. Copyright © 2001, 2002 by Oxford University Press, Inc. All rights reserved.  Read more
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eSpindle provides personalized spelling and vocabulary tutoring online; free trial.  Read more
Wikipedia. This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Shorten".  Read more
Translations. Copyright © 2007, WizCom Technologies Ltd. All rights reserved.  Read more

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