Spanish West Indies

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Las Antillas Occidentales Spanish West Indies Spanish colony ← 1492–1898 ↓ Flag Coat of arms A map of the Spanish West Indies Capital Santo Domingo (1511-1764) Language(s) Spanish Religion Roman Catholicism Political structure Colony Monarch  - 1500-1598 Philip II  - 1896-1898 Alfonso XIII Historical era Spanish colonization  - Established 1492  - Treaty of Paris 1898 Currency Peso Espanol Preceded by Succeeded by New Spain Bay Islands Jamaica Cayman Islands Saint-Domingue Trinidad Dominican Republic Cuba Puerto Rico

The Spanish West Indies (also known as "Las Antillas Occidentales" or simply "Las Antillas" in Spanish) was the contemporary name for the Spanish colonies in the Caribbean. It consisted of the present day nations of Cuba, Haiti, the Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico, Jamaica, Cayman Islands, Trinidad, and the Bay Islands.

The islands that would later become the Spanish West Indies were the focus of the voyages of Christopher Columbus in America. Largely due to the familiarity that Europeans gained from Columbus's voyages, the islands were also the first lands to be permanently colonized by Europeans in the Americas. The Spanish West Indies were also the most enduring part of Spain's American Empire, only being surrendered in 1898 at the end of the Spanish-American War.

Some smaller islands were ceded to other European powers as a result of war, or diplomatic agreements during the 17th and 18th centuries. Others such as Dominican Republic gained their independence in the 19th century.

Change of Sovereignty or Independence

• The Bay Islands were ceded to Great Britain in 1643 and then to Honduras in 1860.
• Jamaica was lost to Great Britain in 1655, confirmed in the Treaty of Madrid (1670).
• The Cayman Islands were lost to Great Britain in the Treaty of Madrid (1670).
• Haiti was lost to France in the Treaty of Ryswick in 1697.
• Trinidad was lost to Great Britain in 1797, confirmed in the Treaty of Amiens in 1802.
• The Dominican Republic gained its independence in 1844.
• Cuba was lost to the United States in 1898, after the Spanish-American War concluded by the Treaty of Paris (1898).
• Puerto Rico was lost to the United States in 1898, after the Spanish-American War concluded by the Treaty of Paris (1898).

See also

• Christopher Columbus
• New Spain
• Spanish colonization of the Americas
• Spanish Main
• Spanish East Indies
• Spanish Empire
• Population history of American indigenous peoples