Stonehenge Riverside Project

The Stonehenge Riverside Project is a major AHRC-funded archaeological research study of the development of the Stonehenge landscape in Neolithic and Bronze Age Britain. In particular, the project is interested in the relationship between the Stones and surrounding monuments and features including; the River Avon, Durrington Walls, the Cursus, the Avenue, Woodhenge, burial mounds, and nearby standing stones. The project involves a substantial amount of fieldwork, the initial phase being a 5-year project from 2003-2008, which will then be extended, reliant on funding.

Background

The project is directed by Mike Parker Pearson (Sheffield University), Julian Thomas (Manchester University), Colin Richards (Manchester University), Kate Welham (Bournemouth University) , Joshua Pollard (Bristol University) and Chris Tilley (UCL). The main aims of the project are to test the hypotheses of earlier studies that Stonehenge was a monument dedicated to the dead, whilst Woodhenge & Durrington Walls, two miles away, were monuments to the living and more recently deceased.

Previous excavations

The area immediately inside Stonehenge Bowl has been excavated several times throughout history, but to the east around Durrington Walls there have only been two major studies conducted within recent times. The first was between 1926 and 1929 when Maud Cunnington excavated around Woodhenge, discovering several Neolithic and Bronze Age features to the south. Later, when the nearby A345 was improved and routed through Durrington Walls in 1967, two timber circles were discovered within the henge. Also discovered were vast amounts of animal bones and associated Neolithic pottery and tools.

Fieldwork

2003 surveys

2003 fieldwork involved sampling and geophysical surveys of the land around Durrington Walls in preparation for future study. This work helped identify two previously unrecognised entranceways to the henge, to the North and South.

2004 excavations

2004 marked the start of annual excavations in the Stonehenge landscape. Trenches were dug on the riverbank of the River Avon next to Durrington Walls, and at the eastern entrance to the henge. On this occasion various finds suggesting neolithic occupation were found around the area.

2005 excavations

The largest amount of fieldwork yet was carried out in the summer of 2005. Excavations were made around the land east of Durrington Walls near the river, and north west outside the west gate. A large amount of digging was done on the eastern banks of the henge, and inside the walls to expose the southernmost timber circle discovered in 1967. A great deal of work was also carried out 2 miles east, around a fallen sarsen stone known locally as the Bulford stone. Channel 4's history show Time Team attended and built a temporary reconstruction of the timber circle in the nearby village of Upavon.

2006

2007 excavations

In late summer of 2007, four weeks of fieldwork was carried out by several hundred students and volunteers. Excavations were carried out at the western end of the Cursus; around the southern, western and eastern gates of Durrington Walls; at the site of Maud Cunnington's digs immediately south of Woodhenge; and around another nearby fallen sarsen stone, known locally as the Cuckoo stone. Geophysical surveys were also carried out across much of the surrounding area and around Stonehenge Bowl. Residencies for six artists and two graduate art student placements were arranged by Artists in Archaeology to record the processes of uncovering and interpreting this location.

2008 excavations

In the late summer of 2008, a further four weeks of excavations were carried out. The year's excavation focused largely upon the Avenue, largely re-excavating work by Richard Atkinson. More work was carried out upon the Eastern end of the Greater Cursus, Long Barrow 42 (which is at the eastern terminal of the Cursus), the field to the west of Stonehenge, and a re-excavation of one of the Aubrey Holes within the stonehenge bowl. The excavation was covered by the Time Team but was also covered by Nova and National Geographic. Residencies for six visual artists were arranged by Artists in Archaeology, to explore connections between archaeological processes and artistic practices.

In 2008, and again in 2009, the team excavated the remains of a henge beside the river, about 1 mile (1.6 km) south-east of Stonehenge. The discovery attracted media coverage and the name "Bluehenge" or "Bluestonehenge".^[1][2]

Findings and theories

References

External links

• The University of Sheffield - Stonehenge Riverside Project
• Durrington Walls - A Time Team Special
• English Heritage - Interactive Map of Stonehenge Landscape
• Intute - Audio interview with the archaeologists
• Nat Geo Channel: Stonehenge Decoded - documentary on Parker Pearson's theories
• Artists in Archaeology Artists in Archaeology organises art residencies, exhibitions, lectures, workshops and events. It aims to research and enhance the connections between artistic and archaeological practice.
• Henge Diggers Bill Bevan's photodocumentary work on the Project.