Stratum germinativum

The stratum germinativum (or basal layer, stratum basale) is the deepest layer of the five layers of the epidermis, which is the outer covering of skin in mammals. The stratum germinativum is a continuous layer of cells. It is often described as one cell thick, though it may in fact be two to three cells thick in glabrous (hairless) skin and hyperproliferative epidermis (from a skin disease).^[1]

The basal cells of the stratum germinativum can be considered the stem cells of the epidermis. They are undifferentiated, and they proliferate. They create 'daughter' cells that migrate superficially, differentiating as they do so.^[2]. The keratinocytes of the stratum germinativum undergo mitosis continually throughout the individual's life.

Melanocytes, the pigment producing cells of the epidermis, are primarily found in the stratum germinativum.

Additional images

Epidermis and dermis of human skin

Section of epidermis

References